The invention relates to an automatic driving truck without a cab and an automatic driving control method, and belongs to the field of transportation trucks. The problems of realizing vehicle loadingcapacity increasing during unmanned driving and realizing automatic control during driving of a truck in a transportation truck in the prior art are solved. An automatic driving special vehicle of theautomatic driving truck without the cab and the automatic driving control method comprises a traditional chassis component, an intelligent steering system, an intelligent braking system, an intelligent control system, a power battery system, and assemblies such as a loading compartment, the cab is removed, a steering wheel, a steering column and the like are removed, only the compartment is on the upper wing surface of a chassis. According to the automatic driving truck without the cab and the automatic driving control method, all function keys in the original cab are electrified, intelligentized, and controlled by the intelligent control system; the unmanned driving of the special truck is realized, the curb weight of the whole vehicle is decreased, and the vehicle loading weight of thewhole vehicle is increased.