A geopolymer grouting material is prepared from, by weight, 20-40 parts of stone flour, 30-45 parts of fly ash, 10-25 parts of silicon micro-powder, 25-35 parts of mineral slag powder, 5-10 parts of an alkali exciting agent, 5-10 parts of sodium hydroxide, 0.5-1 part of sugar calcium, 3-5 parts of re-dispersible latex powder, 1-3 parts of a polycarboxylic water reducer, 1-3 parts of sodium alkane sulfonate, 1-3 parts of aluminum stearate, 10-15 parts of phenolic resin, 0.5-1 part of N,N-dimethylaniline, 0.5-1 part of methylethyl ketone peroxide, 0.5-1 part of sodium polyacrylate, 0.5-1 part of triethanolamine and 0.5-1 part of citric acid. The 1d strength of the prepared grouting material is not less than 20.0 MPa, the flowability is not more than 20 s, the initial setting time is not less than 25 min, and the final setting time is not more than 60 min. The grouting material is widely suitable for rapid repairing of roads, underside grouting of cement concrete pavement soft base processing, bridge reinforcing and crack repairing, deep curtain grouting, lower margin bolt anchoring and other engineering positions. Compared with traditional cement-based grouting materials, the grouting material disclosed in the invention has the advantages of low cost, good corrosion resistance, good heatproof stability, good erosion resistance and good durability.