The invention belongs to the field of medical health and artificial intelligence, and particularly relates to a personalized precise medical question answering system based on data and knowledge. The invention aims at solving the problems that in the prior art, pertinence and real-time performance are not achieved, the data utilization rate is low, and user problems cannot be efficiently and accurately understood, and a problem that real-time deep-level accurate medical question answering cannot be realized for individuals. The system comprises a personal health data module which obtains personal health data of a user; a user question understanding module which sequentially carries out word, syntactic and semantic analysis on user questions after preprocessing the user questions; an efficient knowledge graph module which performs knowledge extraction, knowledge fusion, knowledge storage and knowledge calculation on the knowledge base to construct an efficient knowledge graph; and an intelligent medical service module which performs user health data management and health monitoring through semantic matching and knowledge reasoning, performs online hospital guide on problem information, assists the decision making and generates response information. The method has the advantages of pertinence, real-time performance, high data utilization rate and high accuracy.