The invention provides a detachable type emergency bridge made of a composite material. The emergency bridge is of a wheel rut structure, and is formed by splicing a plurality of bridge segments, wherein each bridge segment is of the structure of a multi-cavity box beam, and is made from a resin matrix composite, particularly an epoxy resin matrix hybrid fiber reinforced composite material; each bridge segment comprises an upper faceplate, a lower faceplate and a plurality of intermediate webs, intermediate layers of the upper faceplate and the lower faceplate are made from + / -45DEG E-glass fiber, one 90DEG E-glass fiber layer is arranged at each of both the upper side and the lower side of each intermediate layer, and a 0DEG carbon fiber layer is arranged at the outer side of each 90DEG E-glass fiber layer; and the webs employ a composite material layer made from + / -45DEG E-glass fiber. According to the invention, main bodies of a bridge body are made from the composite materials, and are assembled to form a whole through metal connectors, so that the bridge body is light in weight, and convenient and quick to assemble, and can be manually assembled and disassembled quickly.