30 results about "Intracranial electrodes" patented technology

A method and system for providing rectangular and / or complex electrical pulses to cortical tissues of a patient for providing therapy or alleviating symptoms for at least one of tinnitus, essential tremor (ET) including Parkinson's disease, depression, or for providing improvement of functional recovery following stroke. The intracranial electrodes may be implanted on the dura, or subdurally on the pia mater of the cortical surface. The placement of the electrodes may utilize cortical sensing and / or digital imaging techniques, such as fMRI, MRI, or CT. The pulse generator system comprises implantable and external components. The pulse generator may be an implanted pulse generator (IPG) or an external stimulator coupled with an implanted stimulus-receiver. The IPG may also comprise a rechargeable battery. In one embodiment the pulse generator may also comprise a selected number of predetermined / pre-packaged programs. In one embodiment, the pulse generation may also comprise telemetry means, for remote interrogation and / or programming of said pulse generator utilizing a wide area network, such as the internet.

The invention discloses a human-computer interaction type intracranial electrode positioning method and system based on three-dimensional convolution. The method comprises the following steps: an MRIbrain image is segmented to generate a target area mask image of a detection electrode by combining an MRI three-dimensional brain image before an operation and a CT three-dimensional brain image after the operation; three-dimensional convolution operation is carried out on the registered CT brain image, the target area of the detection electrode is extracted according to the mask image and electrode signal images to be screened are extracted; and the electrode signal images to be screened are screened according to pre-operation embedded electrode information to obtain correct electrode imagesand numbering by man-machine interaction. According to the invention, the distinguishing capability of the electrode images is improved through the convolution operation, the distinguishing degree ofthe intracranial electrode in the CT brain image is effectively improved, the automatic identification of a computer is facilitated, and electrode screening and numbering are carried out through a high-efficiency man-machine interaction means, accurately positioning the coordinates of the intracranial electrode in the human brain is facilitated and the method has the advantages of simple principle, convenient achievement and stable result.

Provided are systems, methods, and devices for intracranial measurement, stimulation, and generation of brain state models. Systems include a plurality of intracranial electrodes configured to be coupled to a brain of a user. Systems further include an interface configured to obtain measurements from the plurality of intracranial electrodes. Systems include a first processing device including one or more processors configured to generate a plurality of brain state parameters characterizing one or more features of at least one brain state of the user, and a second processing device including one or more processors configured to generate at least one model of the brain of the user based, at least in part, on the plurality of brain state parameters and the measurements. Systems include a controller including one or more processors configured to generate a control signal based on the plurality of brain state parameters and the at least one model.

A method for accurate localization and visualization of implanted electrodes, such as implanted intracranial electrodes, is provided. More particularly, a realistic representation of intracranial electrode positions on patient-specific post-implantation MRI brain renderings is obtained. The resulting computer models provide an accurate depiction of electrode locations on three-dimensional brain renderings that are suitable for use in surgical planning of resection boundaries around, for example, epileptic zones. Electrodes placed inter-hemispherically are also visible with this method. In addition, a method for creating electrode “shadows” cast upon the brain model surface is provided. These electrode shadows are useful for estimating cortical areas sampled by iEEG and for locating electrodes that may straddle sulci and contact two adjacent cortical gyri.

A method for localizing an intracranial electrode in a subject's brain is provided. The intracranial electrode has at least one electrode contact. The method includes: acquiring a first brain image reconstructed from first image data acquired after electrode-implantation; acquiring a second brain image reconstructed from second image data acquired before the electrode-implantation; co-registering the first brain image and the second brain image to acquire spatial transformation parameters; extracting a first coordinate of the electrode contact from the first brain image; converting the first coordinate into a second coordinate in the second brain image by using the spatial transformation parameters; co-registering the second brain image and a universal brain atlas to define functional zones in the second brain image; and defining a corresponding functional zone where the second coordinate is located. Another alternative method and a system for localizing an intracranial electrode are also provided herein.

The present invention relates to electrode assemblies, neurostimulation systems and methods for implanting and using same. In exemplary embodiments, the electrode includes a body having a conductive contact surface dimensioned and configured to contact a patient's skull; and an electrode head associated with the body. The electrode head is sized for subcutaneous positioning adjacent the subject's skull, and the electrode body is of a length and configured such that the electrode body extends at least partially through the patient's skull but does not contact the patient's dura mater. As these electrodes need not directly contact the brain nor penetrate the dura mater to be effective in neurostimulatory applications, they avoid many of the disadvantages, e.g. increased risk of infection and invasive implantation procedures, associated with conventional electrode design.

The invention provides a device for positioning a cerebral-cortex functional area. The device comprises a reminding screen and an intracranial electrode, and further comprises one or more electromyographic electrodes arranged at movement parts of a subject, electromyographic signals are collected and used for allowing moments of action performing of the subject and staring moments of intracranial brain-electrical signal observing of the subject to be synchronous. The invention further provides a method for positioning the cerebral-cortex functional area. The method includes the steps that starting moments of human-body actions are obtained according to original electromyographic signals, then intracranial brain-electrical signals in the corresponding time periods are obtained, and synchronization of the intracranial brain-electrical signals and human-body signals is achieved; then response variable matrixes are generated according to the intracranial brain-electrical signals, independent variable matrixes are generated according to the human-body signals, and the cerebral-cortex area corresponding to the human-body actions is determined by calculating the correlation between the independent variable matrixes and the response variable matrixes. By means of the technical scheme, synchronization between the human-body actions and the intracranial brain-electrical signals can be well achieved, and the accuracy of follow-up processing can be improved.

A method for localizing an intracranial electrode in a subject's brain is provided. The intracranial electrode has at least one electrode contact. The method includes: acquiring a first brain image reconstructed from first image data acquired after electrode-implantation; acquiring a second brain image reconstructed from second image data acquired before the electrode-implantation; co-registering the first brain image and the second brain image to acquire spatial transformation parameters; extracting a first coordinate of the electrode contact from the first brain image; converting the first coordinate into a second coordinate in the second brain image by using the spatial transformation parameters; co-registering the second brain image and a universal brain atlas to define functional zones in the second brain image; and defining a corresponding functional zone where the second coordinate is located. Another alternative method and a system for localizing an intracranial electrode are also provided herein.

The invention discloses a human-computer interaction type intracranial electrode positioning method and system based on three-dimensional convolution. The method comprises the following steps: an MRIbrain image is segmented to generate a target area mask image of a detection electrode by combining an MRI three-dimensional brain image before an operation and a CT three-dimensional brain image after the operation; three-dimensional convolution operation is carried out on the registered CT brain image, the target area of the detection electrode is extracted according to the mask image and electrode signal images to be screened are extracted; and the electrode signal images to be screened are screened according to pre-operation embedded electrode information to obtain correct electrode imagesand numbering by man-machine interaction. According to the invention, the distinguishing capability of the electrode images is improved through the convolution operation, the distinguishing degree ofthe intracranial electrode in the CT brain image is effectively improved, the automatic identification of a computer is facilitated, and electrode screening and numbering are carried out through a high-efficiency man-machine interaction means, accurately positioning the coordinates of the intracranial electrode in the human brain is facilitated and the method has the advantages of simple principle, convenient achievement and stable result.

The invention provides a method and device for implanting an intracranial electrode in an arc track. The method and the device are used for obtaining a puncture track with the single electrode passing through multiple intracranial target points. In the method for implanting the intracranial electrode, a radian-fixed arc puncture cannula is used for leading the electrode into the cranium, puncture positioning of the radian-fixed arc puncture cannula is achieved through the guidance of a radian-fixed arc guide cannula, the radian-fixed arc guide cannula is fixed to a positioning tool, the positioning tool is provided with a positioning frame and position-adjustable positioning points, the positioning points are provided with fixing parts, and when the arc guide cannula penetrates through the positioning points and is fixed through the fixing parts, positioning of the arc guide cannula is completed; when the arc guide cannula is positioned, the circumference of the circle where the arc of the arc guide canula is located passes through the multiple intracranial target points. According to the implanting method and the orienting device, the multiple target points are stimulated with the single electrode.

A method and an apparatus for fusion display of cerebral cortex electrode and magnetic resonance images. The method comprises: extracting an MRI image obtained by MRI scanning before an intracranial electrode is implanted into a patient and a post-implantation CT image obtained by CT scanning after the intracranial electrode is implanted into the patient (S01); registering the MRI image and the post-implantation CT image under an identical coordinate space (S02); extracting electrode image information from the registered CT image (S03); extracting cerebral cortex tissue image information from the registered MRI image (S04); spatially fusing the electrode image information and the cerebral cortex tissue image information, and displaying the spatially-fused information by means of a three-dimensional visual method (S05); and adjusting a three-dimensional visual display effect and angle, converting an adjustment result into a needed format for output and storage (S06). By implementing method and apparatus for fusion display of cerebral cortex electrode and magnetic resonance images, position information about electrodes can be acquired.