166 results about "Hot spare" patented technology

A method and system that allows the distribution of hot spare space across multiple disk drives that also store the data and redundant data in a fully active array of redundant independent disks, so that an automatic rebuilding of the array to an array of the identical level of redundancy can be achieved with fewer disk drives. The method configures the array with D disk drives of B physical blocks each. N user data and redundant data blocks are allocated to each disk drive, and F free blocks are allocated as hot spare space to each disk drive, where N+F<=B, and ((D−M)×F)>=N. Thus, rebuilding of data and redundant blocks of a failed disk drive in the free blocks of the remaining disk drives is enabled after M disk drive failures.

The invention relates to the field of direct-current transmission, in particular to a direct-current transmission converter valve control protection system and a control protection method thereof. The control protection system is formed by an operation system and a hot spare system which are in redundancy. The operation system and the hot spare system comprise a pole control system and valve base electronic equipment communicated with the pole control system respectively, the operation system and the hot spare system are connected with a thyristor triggering monitoring subsystem through optical fibers, and the thyristor triggering monitoring subsystem comprises a thyristor and a thyrustor triggering monitoring unit matched with the thyristor. Protection objects of the protection method comprise a converter valve and the valve base electronic equipment. The action results of the protection method comprise alarm, request switch and request trip. The direct-current transmission converter valve control protection system greatly improves operation stability of the direct-current transmission system, greatly reduces shutdown time and overhaul time of the direct-current transmission system and enables economical benefit advantages of the direct-current transmission system to be fully played.

A controller monitors access frequencies of address ranges mapped to a data storage array. Based on the monitoring, the controller identifies frequently accessed ones of the address ranges that have lower associated wear, for example, those that are read more often than written. In response to the identifying, the controller initiates copying of a dataset associated with the identified address ranges from the data storage array to a spare storage device while refraining from copying other data from the data storage array onto the spare storage device. The controller directs read input/output operations (IOPs) targeting the identified address ranges to be serviced by access to the spare storage device. In response to a failure of a failed storage device among the plurality of primary storage devices, the controller rebuilds contents of the failed storage device on the spare storage device in place of the dataset associated with the identified address ranges.

Certain ones of a plurality of SAS hard disk drives are assigned to different SAS zones using a SAS zoning expander(s). A processor and SAS RAID controller have access to only those SAS hard disk drives assigned to the same zone(s) as the processor and SAS RAID controller. Each SAS RAID controller determines when a RAID hard disk drive in its zone fails, and then notifies the RAID hard disk drive failure to a service enclosure processor (SEP) of the SAS zoning expander. The SEP re-allocates an available hot-spare hard disk drive to the zone of the failed RAID hard disk drive. When the SAS RAID controller detects that a functional hard disk drive is now available in its zone, the RAID image is rebuilt using the zone reassigned hot-spare hard disk drive that then becomes one of the RAID hard disk drives of that zone.

A data storage method for a plurality of RAID systems includes an SAS expander recording information of failure of a disk of a plurality of RAID systems when failure of the disk is detected and reporting the information of failure of the disk to the RAID system server when the RAID system server sends a polling message to the SAS expander or tries accessing the failed disk. In response to the failure information of the failed disk from the SAS expander, the RAID system server sends a command to the SAS expander, to replace the disk with a hot spare disk.

The invention provides a disk array reconstruction method. The improved disk array reconstruction method comprises the following steps of: A, counting error counts in disks in a redundant array of independent disks (RAID) system; B, judging whether the error count in one disk of the RAID system exceeds a preset threshold value or not, if so, executing a step C, otherwise returning to the step a; C, setting the disk as a warning disk, activating a preset hot spare disk and replicating existing data in the warning disk into the hot spare disk; and D, after the replication, deleting the warning disk from the RAID system and substituting the hot spare disk for the error disk as the component disk of the RAID system. In the scheme, the risk of data loss in the reconstruction process can be effectively reduced and the reconstruction process is accelerated.

Disclosed herein are RAID backup management systems and methods. According to an aspect, a method may include identifying portions of data in each of multiple storage units of a RAID system. The method may also include backing up data in the identified portions to a hot spare. Further, the method may include allocating storage space in the hot spare for the backup based on detection of errors among the storage units.

The invention discloses a power UPS system based on a super-capacitor. The power UPS system comprises a rectifier, an inverter, a bidirectional direct current (DC)/DC converter and an energy storage system. The energy storage system is composed of a super-capacitor group, a super-capacitor equalization circuit and a super-capacitor management system (CMS). The rectifier is used for converting input distribution alternating voltages into high-voltage direct voltages and provides a power supply for the inverter; the inverter is used for converting the high-voltage direct voltages at the front end into alternating voltages meeting load use requirements; and the rectifier performs charge or floating charge on the energy storage system through the bidirectional DC/DC converter. The power UPS system based on the super-capacitor uses the super-capacitor as an energy storage unit, and compensates for electrical energy gaps caused by power equipment during the power shaking of power grids through an online parallel hot spare mode. The power UPS system based on the super-capacitor can work normally at a low temperature (an ultimate temperature minus 40 DEG C), has the advantages of being small in size, free of maintain, long in service life, high in power and reliability and the like and can meet instantaneous power supply requirements of large power.

Even if failure probabilities are different for hard disks due to the individual specificity such as a hard disk manufacturer, model number or the like, a disk with high failure probability is reliably determined and removed from the operating RAID to be kept in a standby state as a hot spare disk, thereby keeping a low failure probability of the disk array device. In order to realize this, the disk array device includes a disk controlling unit for, based on S.M.A.R.T. information of each of the hard disks read by a S.M.A.R.T. information reading unit, assigning a predetermined number of hard disks to the hot spare disk in descending order of failure probability of the hard disks.

Embodiments of a declustered, fault-tolerant array of storage devices for use with computer, networked, cloud-based, and other data storage applications are described. In some embodiments, the array generates a chunk group mapping with a high utilization of storage device space, provides evenly distributed hot spares, supports multiple erasure schemes including Reed-Solomon codes and Local Reconstruction Codes, and provides high storage device rebuild speed after storage device failure. Embodiments of methods of generating chunk group mappings are also disclosed. In some embodiments, chunk group mappings are determined based on the desired erasure scheme, the number of storage devices connected to the declustered, fault-tolerant array of storage devices, and a generated balanced incomplete block design or a generated partial balanced incomplete block design. Chunk group mappings are stored as a multi-level lookup table which includes at least a first erasure scheme pattern table and at least a second chunk group lookup table.

The invention discloses a control method for realizing an ETS (emergency trip system) of a small-sized steam turbine set. The scheme adopted by the invention is that the control method mainly comprises the following steps: enabling a power supply, CPUs (central processing units) and communication hardware which form an automatic control system of a steam turbine to respectively adopt redundant backup configuration; enabling an ETS blockette to be integrated into the automatic control system of the steam turbine, and running alone independent of a main program; collecting steam turbine operation trip signals through an IO (input/output) module, and then, sending to two sets of CPUs and performing operation processing by using the ETS blockette; outputting a logic control judgment result obtained by the operation of a main CPU to a corresponding shutdown electromagnetic valve through a demand output (DO) card to realize the emergency trip function of the steam turbine. According to the control method disclosed by the invention, by utilizing the hardware hot spared redundancy of the automatic control system of the steam turbine, the emergency trip system function of the small-sized steam turbine set is realized; a control system does not need to be additionally arranged, and therefore, the number of cabinets is reduced, inter-system signal transmission is reduced, crossover lines between the cabinets are reduced, the signal loss probability is reduced, and the signals are more centralized.