The invention discloses a closestool cover plate descent control device which comprises a rotating shaft, a blade and a shaft sleeve. A radial end face is formed at one end of the rotating shaft and provided with an oil groove, an oil inlet of the oil groove is large, the tail end of the oil groove is small, and a rib is convexly arranged on the rotating shaft in the axial direction. A shaft cavity is formed in the blade in the axial direction, an insertion groove is integrally convexly formed in the side wall of the shaft cavity, the shaft cavity of the blade is in sleeved connection with the rotating shaft, the rib of the rotating shaft is inserted in the insertion groove of the blade, and a plurality of oil grooves are formed in the side walls of the two sides of the insertion grooves at intervals. The shaft sleeve is in sleeved connection with the rotating shaft, and a sealed cavity is formed between the shaft sleeve and the rotating shaft and filled with damping oil. When the shaft sleeve rotates, the damping oil drives the blade to rotate relative to the rotating shaft, the rib of the rotating shaft seals the oil holes, and the damping oil flows towards the oil grooves; when the shaft sleeve rotates in the opposite direction, the damping oil drives the blade to rotate n the reverse direction relative to the rotating shaft, the rib of the rotating shaft opens the oil holes, and the damping oil passes the oil holes. The closestool cover plate descent control device has reliability in opening and closing and is simple to assemble and simple in manufacturing process.