Biomass pyrogenation gasification and purification method

Abstract

The invention provides a biological mass thermal decomposition, gasification and purification method which comprises, disintegrating the biological mass, gasifying in a furnace, obtaining retort gas, cyclone dedusting, cooling down and purifying, high voltage static coke trapping, making the coke tar bubbles and dust in the coal gas deposit onto the coke collection poles, thus purifying the coal gas, finally washing and dewatering.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to dry distillation and gas purification of cellulose-containing materials, in particular to a biomass pyrolysis gasification and purification method. Background technique [0002] With the progress and development of society, human beings' requirements for various energy sources are increasing day by day. The most commonly used non-renewable resources such as petroleum, coal, and natural gas, have caused a sharp decline in reserves due to large-scale exploitation and use, which has constituted one of the three major crises (energy shortage, food shortage, and environmental pollution) for human survival and development today. one. Therefore, the development of energy and energy conservation have become the focus of great attention of governments and people of insight in the world today. [0003] my country is a large agricultural country with a large population and relatively few resources. On the one hand, with the rapid devel...

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Problems solved by technology

[0008] 2. The downdraft gasifier technology has a low carbon conversion rate and high carbon content in the remaining ash. In addition, the air is ejected from the nozzle, and the temperature of the reaction section is uneven. There are high temperature areas and low temperature dead areas, which affect the gas quality

[0009] 3. Fluidized bed gasification furnace technology adopts the fluidization velocity greater than the critical velocity but less than the free sedimentation velocity of fine materials, which strengthens the heat transfer and light weight, increases the heating rate, thereby increasing the reaction rate, and the calorific value of the gas is higher The calorific value of gas produced by the two technologies is higher, but the loss of flying carbon is large, and the gasification efficiency is only 60%.

[0010] 4. Circulating fluidized bed gasification technology: high fluidization speed operation strengthens the transmission speed between gas and solid, forming a fluidization state different from that of bubbling fluidized bed, and the continuous circulation of carbon maintains a large bed density , to achieve rapid heating and rapid thermal decomposition, which greatly increases the calorific value, generally at 7.2MJ / m 3 , but the particle diameter is required to be 150-360um, and the general grass straw cannot meet the requirements

[0012] At present, 95% of domestic technology uses downdraft gasifier as the leading product and there is not much improvement in structure. The existing and main problems are low heat value of generation and gasification, poor purification effect, heavy tar content, and low gasification intensity. High, high requirements on raw materials, single raw materials, strong selectivity of raw materials, such as rice straw, wheat straw, rattan, and other types of raw materials cannot be gasified; use rice husk gasifier, negative pressure suction gasifier and lower Suction gasifier is used to cut corn stalks, peanut shells, corn cobs, etc. to the required length for gasification

The production capacity and production efficiency are relatively low, and the gas supply scale is small, etc.

There is no real effective use of rural surplus straw, and only a small area and a small range of low-level supply

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