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Foam type tritium breeder and a preparation method thereof

A tritium breeder, foam-type technology, which is applied in the field of nuclear fusion, can solve the problems of beryllium and breeder spheres with great differences in strength and elastic modulus, different diameters and densities of breeder spheres, and shortened available temperature window. , to achieve the effect of improving tritium multiplication performance, short tritium diffusion distance and simple preparation method

Inactive Publication Date: 2019-06-07
INST OF NUCLEAR PHYSICS & CHEM CHINA ACADEMY OF
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

This breeder-beryllium binary pebble bed structure has three significant disadvantages: firstly, the beryllium in the pebble bed and the breeder pellets have different diameters and densities, and the two will spontaneously separate under the action of periodic load; The upper temperature limit in the fusion reactor is 660°C, which is far lower than the temperature limit of the breeder (taking lithium orthosilicate breeder as an example, its temperature limit is 920°C), and the overall usable temperature window after the two are mixed will be Significantly reduced; Finally, the strength and elastic modulus of beryllium and proliferating agent pellets are very different, and mixing the two will increase the probability of proliferating agent breaking
[0009] Due to these advantages of lithium oxide, it has been the material of choice for proliferators since the 1970s, but with the deepening of research, it was found that lithium hydroxide reacted with water on the surface of lithium oxide would cause serious lithium vapor transport problems , this transport may lead to lithium loss, pipeline blockage, increased tritium inventory, and gaseous LiOT will also increase the corrosion of structural materials

Method used

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  • Foam type tritium breeder and a preparation method thereof
  • Foam type tritium breeder and a preparation method thereof
  • Foam type tritium breeder and a preparation method thereof

Examples

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Effect test

preparation example Construction

[0057] A kind of preparation method of foam type tritium multiplying agent of the present invention, comprises the following steps:

[0058] 8a. Prepare a piece of reticulated vitreous carbon foam 5 , the parameters of the reticulated vitreous carbon foam 5 , the volume fraction of solid phase, and the pore density are preset values.

[0059] 8b. Heat the material of the proliferating agent foam 1 until it melts, and inject it into the reticulated glassy carbon foam 5 under pressure, and gradually cool down to room temperature according to the preset temperature gradient to obtain the proliferating agent foam I;

[0060] 8c. At a temperature of 500° C. to 700° C., inject oxygen into the breeder foam I to oxidize and remove the reticulated glassy carbon foam 5 in the breeder foam I to obtain the desired foam-type tritium breeder.

[0061] After the step 8c, there is a step 8d, and the step 8d is to generate a titanium oxide or silicon oxide skeleton 2 on the inner surface of th...

Embodiment 1

[0068] This example is used to prepare a lithium oxide foam-type tritium breeder with a size of 21mm×200mm×200mm, a pore density of 10PPI, a pore volume fraction of 5%, and a titanium oxide skeleton and an alumina buffer layer. The specific process is as follows :

[0069] (1) Take a commercial polyurethane foam with a porosity of 10PPI, inject carbon-containing resin into it, and carbonize it at high temperature to form a reticulated glassy carbon (RVC) foam with a pore density of 10PPI and a solid phase volume fraction of 10%, such as figure 2 shown;

[0070] (2) Process the RVC foam into a cuboid of 20mm×200mm×200mm;

[0071] (3) Lithium carbonate powder with a lithium 6 abundance of 60% is heated to 1700 degrees Celsius, decomposed and melted to form liquid lithium oxide;

[0072] (4) Place the processed RVC foam in a container, then inject liquid lithium oxide into the pores of the foam through a certain pressure, and cool the lithium oxide to room temperature accordin...

Embodiment 2

[0077] This example is used to prepare a lithium oxide foam-type tritium multiplier with a size of 21mm×200mm×100mm, a pore density of 100PPI, a pore volume fraction of 40%, and a silicon oxide skeleton and a titanium oxide buffer layer. The specific process as follows:

[0078] (1) Take a commercial polyurethane foam with a porosity of 100PPI, inject a carbon-containing resin into it, and carbonize it at a high temperature to form a reticulated glassy carbon (RVC) foam with a pore density of 100PPI and a solid phase volume fraction of 35%, such as figure 2 shown;

[0079] (2) Process the RVC foam into a cuboid of 20mm×200mm×100mm;

[0080] (3) Use the chemical vapor injection method to generate a silicon oxide framework on the surface of the RVC foam, and adjust the volume fraction of the solid phase to 40%, such as Figure 8 shown;

[0081] (4) Heat lithium carbonate powder with a lithium 6 abundance of 60% to 1700 degrees Celsius, decompose and melt to form liquid lithi...

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Abstract

The invention discloses a foam type tritium breeder and a preparation method thereof. The main body of the foam type tritium breeder is an open cell foam made of the breeder material, which is beneficial to the tritium release and heat transfer of the material. A layer of skeleton structure can be formed on that inner surface of the breeder foam as needed to reduce steam transport of the breeder at high temperatures and in a hydrogen environment, and a layer of low density foam can be deposited on the outer layer of the whole foam to relieve contact force. The foam type tritium breeder is madeby using reticulated glassy carbon foam as template and melt solidification method to ensure that the final foam has a connected gas phase, while the skeleton and buffer foam can be produced by chemical vapor injection method and chemical vapor deposition method respectively. The foam type tritium breeder of the present invention can improve the loading density and thermal conductivity of lithiumatoms, improve the structural stability of the breeder, and improve the tritium proliferating performance and thermal safety of the cladding layer. The preparation method of the foam type tritium breeder of the present invention is simple and easy to produce on a large scale.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of nuclear fusion, and in particular relates to a foam-type tritium multiplying agent and a preparation method thereof. Background technique [0002] The tritium breeder uses the neutrons produced by the fusion core D-T to react with the lithium-containing material in the breeder cladding as follows to achieve the breed of tritium: [0003] [0004] The lithium element, lithium alloy, and lithium compound used to generate tritium are called tritium breeders. Among all kinds of tritium breeders, lithium-containing ceramics are considered to be the most concerned tritium breeder materials in the first generation of fusion energy applications due to their inherent thermal stability and chemical inertness. There are various structural forms of tritium breeder in the breeding envelope. [0005] By the end of the 1980s, using spherical particles instead of block tritium breeder fuel and filling the envelope w...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): G21B1/11
CPCY02E30/10
Inventor 王少华李正宏陈晓军赵林杰
Owner INST OF NUCLEAR PHYSICS & CHEM CHINA ACADEMY OF
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