Three-dimensional crimped sheath-core composite fiber and nanofiber compound sound insulation material and preparation method thereof

A composite fiber and three-dimensional crimping technology, applied in chemical instruments and methods, synthetic resin layered products, layered products, etc., can solve the problems of unfavorable low-frequency noise absorption, large holes, and restrictions on the promotion and use of sound insulation products, and achieve excellent Sound-absorbing and sound-insulating performance, improved sound-absorbing and sound-insulating performance, small diameter effect

Active Publication Date: 2017-09-29
SOUTH CHINA UNIV OF TECH
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

Traditional sound-absorbing and sound-insulating materials are mostly micron-sized hot-melt fibers, mineral fibers, and foam plastics, etc., with large holes, which are not conducive to the absorption of low-frequency noise by sound-absorbing and sound-insulating materials, which limits the promotion and use of related sound-insulating products.

Method used

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  • Three-dimensional crimped sheath-core composite fiber and nanofiber compound sound insulation material and preparation method thereof
  • Three-dimensional crimped sheath-core composite fiber and nanofiber compound sound insulation material and preparation method thereof
  • Three-dimensional crimped sheath-core composite fiber and nanofiber compound sound insulation material and preparation method thereof

Examples

Experimental program
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Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0037] In this embodiment, the sheath material of the sheath-core composite fiber is polylactic acid (PLA), the core material is polycaprolactone (PCL), and has an eccentric structure. The three-dimensional crimped sheath-core composite fiber forms a Z-shaped permanent crimp under the action of heat by utilizing the different shrinkage rates of different polymers. The fiber diameter is 2 μm, and the fiber cross-section is circular. The three-dimensional crimped skin-core composite fiber layer A is made by twin-screw process, and is formed into a nonwoven fabric by spunbonding, with an area density of 30g / m 2 , the thickness is 3mm. The Z-shaped crimped fibers are vertically oriented in the fiber layer.

[0038] The nanofiber layer B is formed by needle electrospinning, and polylactic acid is used as the raw material for forming nanofibers. Polylactic acid (PLA, M w =3×10 5 g / mol) after vacuum-drying (60°C, 12h), using chloroform as a solvent to prepare a 20% solution, magnet...

Embodiment 2

[0042] In this embodiment, the skin material of the three-dimensional crimped sheath-core composite fiber is polylactic acid (PLA), and the core material is polyester (PET). The three-dimensional crimped sheath-core composite fiber has a helical crimp structure, the fiber diameter is 4 μm, and the fiber cross section is circular. The filaments are made by twin-screw technology, and permanent three-dimensional crimps are obtained through mechanical crimping and heat setting, and then cut into short fibers. After carding, webbing, and hot air bonding, the fiber aggregate structure is obtained. The surface density is 30g / m 2 , the thickness is 3mm. The included angle between the three-dimensional crimped fibers and the fiber layer in the fiber layer is 45° and aligned.

[0043] The nanofiber layer is formed by electrospinning with free-surface wire electrodes without needles, and polylactic acid is used as the raw material for forming nanofibers. Polylactic acid (PLA, M w =3...

Embodiment 3

[0047] In this embodiment, the skin layer material of the three-dimensional crimped sheath-core composite fiber is nylon 6 (PA6) and nylon 6 / 66 copolymerized nylon, and the skin layer is a juxtaposed structure composed of two polymers; the core layer material is ionic liquid. The three-dimensional crimped sheath-core composite fiber has a helical crimp structure, the fiber diameter is 50 μm, and the fiber cross section is circular. The three-dimensional crimped skin-core composite fiber is made into filaments by single screw + plunger pump technology, and then warp and weft weaving to obtain a cloth structure, with an area density of 40g / m 2 , the thickness is 3mm. The angles between the three-dimensional crimped fibers and the fiber layer in the fiber layer are arranged at 60° and 0°.

[0048] The nanofiber layer is formed by centrifugal electrospinning, and polyhydroxyalkanoate is used as a raw material for forming nanofibers. Polyhydroxyalkanoate (intrinsic viscosity 0.7-...

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Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of functional composite materials and discloses a three-dimensional crimped sheath-core composite fiber and nanofiber compound sound insulation material and a preparation method thereof. The compound sound insulation material comprises a composite fiber functional layer formed by a three-dimensional crimped sheath-core composite fiber layer and a nanofiber layer and surface protection layers on the upper and lower surfaces. The preparation method comprises the steps of firstly preparing the sheath-core composite fiber layer with a permanent 3D crimping structure; preparing the nanofiber layer by adopting an electrostatic spinning process; compounding the three-dimensional crimped sheath-core composite fiber layer and the nanofiber layer; and then compounding the surface protection layers on the surfaces to obtain the three-dimensional crimped sheath-core composite fiber and nanofiber compound sound insulation material. The obtained compound sound insulation material has excellent sound absorption and sound insulation properties, the absorption coefficient on a 500Hz sound source reaches over 0.3, and the absorption coefficient on a 1,000Hz sound source reaches over 0.6.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of functional composite materials, and in particular relates to a three-dimensional curly skin-core composite fiber and nanofiber composite sound insulation material and a preparation method thereof. Background technique [0002] Noise pollution has become a contemporary global environmental problem, and it is listed as the world's four major pollutions together with air pollution, water pollution and solid waste pollution. With the development of economy and technology, agriculture and industry are becoming more and more mechanized, and the transportation industry is also becoming more and more developed. However, at the same time, noise pollution is becoming more and more serious. People's demand for sound-absorbing and sound-insulating materials is increasing, and their performance requirements are also getting higher and higher, especially in the fields of construction and automobiles, the market for sou...

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): B32B27/02B32B27/12B32B27/36
CPCB32B5/02B32B5/022B32B5/08B32B5/26B32B2262/12B32B2262/0276
Inventor 严玉蓉张文韬邱志明邓玲利邹飞
Owner SOUTH CHINA UNIV OF TECH
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