Method for synthesizing low-cost and super-absorbent resin from potato starch serving as raw material

Abstract

The invention discloses a new process for synthesizing a low-cost super-absorbent resin. The process mainly comprises the following steps of: preparing strong caustic solution with a certain concentration, dropwise adding the strong caustic solution into a potato starch milk at a room temperature to obtain alkali pasted potato starch, heating the alkali pasted potato starch in water bath under the protection of nitrogen, performing graft copolymerization on the alkali pasted potato starch, crylic acid and sodium salt of the crylic acid to obtain the low-cost super-absorbent resin, wherein the low-cost super-absorbent resin has good liquid absorption ability; the highest deionized water absorptivity is 150-450g / g; the highest water absorptivity is 80-200g / g; the highest normal saline absorptivity is 25-40g / g; and the gel state is good and the water holding ability is strong after absorbing water. In the invention, the strong caustic solution is totally used to paste the potato starch milk; and the alkali pasted potato starch prepared by the method is used to synthesize the low-cost super-absorbent resin for the first time. Compared with other preparation methods of the super-absorbent resin, the method of the invention has the advantages of novel proportioning of raw materials, low cost, simple process, low energy consumption, is easy to operate and control, and develops a new path to large-scale production of the super-absorbent resin in the future.

Description

technical field [0001] The present invention relates to the preparation method of a new type of functional polymer material-superabsorbent resin used in the fields of hygiene products, agriculture, forestry, gardening, etc., especially a low-cost new type of superabsorbent resin synthesized by using potato starch and acrylic acid as main raw materials. simple preparation method. Background technique [0002] Superabsorbent resin refers to a high-molecular substance with particularly strong water-absorbing ability, and its water absorption is dozens or even thousands of times that of itself. The compound is made by chemical reaction, so it is also called superabsorbent polymer, and it is also often called superabsorbent. [0003] The emergence of superabsorbent resins was initiated in 1961 by C.R.Russell of the Northern Research Institute of the United States Department of Agriculture, who started research on starch-grafted acrylonitrile, and then G.F.Fanta et al. The swoll...

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Problems solved by technology

[0007] The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is solved by following proposal: take potato starch as the method for raw material synthetic low-cost superabsorbent resin, it is characterized in that: potato starch and deionized water are mixed with the mass ratio of 1: 3, stir 0.5- 1.0h, prepare the strong alkali solution that the hydroxyl radical molar concentration is 0.575-0.725mol / L, wherein the mass ratio of potato starch and strong alkali is 1: 0.046-0.082, with the strong alkali solution prepared at room temperature with 10 -15 秒 / 滴 The drop speed gelatinized potato starch milk is used to prepare alkali gelatinized potato starch; under cooling in an ice-water bath, use sodium hydroxide solution to neutralize the acrylic acid that removes the polymerization inhibitor to obtain acrylic acid with a neutralization degree of 15%-75%. Acrylic acid and its sodium salt solution, wherein the mass ratio of potato starch to acrylic acid, sodium hydroxide, and deionized water for dissolving sodium hydroxide is 1: 1-3: 0.08-1.24: 1-3; gelatinize the prepared alkali Mix potato starch with acrylic acid and its sodium salt solution, add 0.8-1.7% potassium persulfate as initiator and 0.05-0.60% N, N'-methylenebisacrylamide as cross-linking agent, at room temperature Stir for 0.5-1.5 hours to make it evenly mixed; under the protection of nitrogen, heat in a water bath to make alkali-gelatinized potato starch, acrylic acid and its sodium salt undergo graft copolymerization, and keep the product in a boiling water bath for 1.0-2.0 hours , the product is taken out, dried and crushed to obtain super absorbent resin

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