Method and apparatus for preparing material coating by laser inductive composite melt-coating

Abstract

The invention discloses a method and its device for laser to induce the compound melt high performance material coating. The invention heats up and coupling the laser beam and the high frequency electromagnetic induction, and realizes the process of laser compound melt with induction heating. The device includes the laser, the laser conducting device, the laser gathering device, the high frequency induction heater, numerically controlled machine tool, and the workpiece holding device. When the device works, the distance of coating of preparing to deal with workpiece surface and induction heating coil is between 1 and 10 millimeter. The versatility of the invention is strong, so it can do the surface treatment with laser to induce the compound melt high performance material coating in the surface of solid assembly of each material and inner and outer surface of tubular part. The characteristic of melt method lies in utilizing the efficiency high merit of hot spray, cold spray, or supersonic flame spray. And induction heating is done at the time of laser melt. The maximum melt linear speed amounts to 0.5-10 meters per minute, which enhances between one time and ten times to the conventional laser melt. The deposition rate of powder is improved between one time and fifteen times than existing laser melt deposition rate, moreover the melt deposit doesn't have the blowhole and the crack.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of laser processing, and in particular relates to a method and a device for preparing a material coating by laser induction composite cladding. Background technique [0002] Laser cladding technology is a process of cladding a layer of material with special properties on the surface of a workpiece by using a high-energy-density laser beam to improve its surface properties. Compared with traditional surfacing and thermal spraying processes, laser cladding technology has the following advantages: (1) The laser beam spot is small and the energy density is high, which can minimize the heat-affected zone and thermal deformation of the workpiece during the cladding process (2) By adjusting the process parameters, the cladding layer with a dilution rate of less than 10% can be obtained; (3) The cladding layer and the substrate are metallurgically bonded, with high bonding strength and not easy to peel off; (4) Thro...

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Problems solved by technology

[0003] However, so far, the application of laser cladding technology in industry has not reached the early expected goal. The main reasons include: (1) the one-time investment of high-power laser processing equipment is relatively large, and the maintenance cost is expensive; (2) ) The efficiency of laser cladding is much lower than that of traditional processes, such as surfacing and thermal spraying, so the manufacturing cost per unit area of ​​the coating is relatively high; (3) although laser and thermal spraying can be combined to achieve laser thermal spraying composite cladding technology ( J.Suutala, J.Tuominen, P.Vuoristo.Laser-assisted spraying and laser treatment of thermally sprayedcoatings, Surface & coatings Technology, 201(2006): 1981-1987), which improves the efficiency of laser cladding, but due to laser cladding Due to the characteristics of rapid heating, rapid cooling and solidification, and large thermal stress during the process, when laser cladding is performed on the surface of bulk materials, cracks are easily generated in the cladding layer

Especially on the surface of the substrate with poor weldability, the problem of cracks has always been one of the insurmountable obstacles of the laser cladding layer, which restricts the industrial application of this technology

The disadvantages of this technology are: (1) The material to be clad needs to be pre-coated on the surface of the substrate, and the cladding preparation workload is relatively large; (2) The melting must be controlled between the liquid and solid phases, which is prone to cladding (3) In the process of induction cladding, the maximum temperature that can be reached is limited, so it is difficult to achieve cladding processing for some alloy layers with high melting point; (4) Pure induction cladding Covering needs to consume a lot of energy, it is easy to cause overheating of the substrate, and the product quality is not easy to control

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