The invention relates to the technical field of voice recognition, in particular to a voice recognition method and device based on waveform simulation, and the method comprises the following steps: 1, collecting a to-be-recognized voice signal, and carrying out the waveform envelope simulation of the to-be-recognized voice signal, so as to obtain the envelope simulation waveform of the to-be-recognized voice signal; and 2, carrying out waveform simplification simulation on the envelope simulation waveform to obtain a simplified simulation waveform of the envelope simulation waveform . According to the method, waveform envelope simulation is carried out on a voice signal to obtain a simplified waveform of the voice signal, the simplified waveform is further simplified to obtain the most simplified waveform which is easier to recognize, and the simplified waveform is subjected to voice recognition through image matching recognition, so that the method is different from existing voice recognition, the recognition accuracy is higher, and meanwhile, the simplified waveform is used for recognition, so that the efficiency is improved and is equivalent to that of a conventional voice recognition method.