81 results about "Tumour suppressor gene" patented technology

The present invention relates to the identification and cloning of ARTS1, a novel tumor suppressor gene. The invention further encompasses isolated proteins encoded by ARTS1, methods of making and using the same, methods of diagnosing the presence of, or prediposition for, a cancer associated with a defective ARTS1 gene or gene product, and methods of treating or preventing cancers associated with a defective ARTS1 gene or gene product.

PROBLEMThere are provided induced malignant stem cells capable of in vitro proliferation that are useful in cancer research and drug discovery for cancer therapy, as well as processes for production thereof, cancer cells derived from these cells, and applications of these cells.MEANS FOR SOLVINGAn induced malignant stem cell capable of in vitro proliferation are characterized by satisfying the following two requirements:(1) having at least one aberration selected from among (a) an aberration of methylation (high or low degree of methylation) in a tumor suppressor gene or a cancer-related genetic region in endogenous genomic DNA, (b) a somatic mutation of a tumor suppressor gene or a somatic mutation of an endogenous cancer-related gene in endogenous genomic DNA, (c) abnormal expression (increased or reduced / lost expression) of an endogenous oncogene or an endogenous tumor suppressor gene, (d) abnormal expression (increased or reduced / lost expression) of a noncoding RNA such as an endogenous cancer-related microRNA, (e) abnormal expression of an endogenous cancer-related protein, (f) an aberration of endogenous cancer-related metabolism (hypermetabolism or hypometabolism), (g) an aberration of endogenous cancer-related sugar chain, (h) an aberration of copy number variations in endogenous genomic DNA, and (i) instability of microsatellites in endogenous genomic DNA in an induced malignant stem cell; and(2) expressing genes including POU5F1 gene, NANOG gene, SOX2 gene, and ZFP42 gene.

The present invention provides the isolation and cloning of WWOX, a novel WW domain-containing protein mapping to human chromosome 16q23.3-24.1, a region frequently affected in several cancers. This gene encodes a tumor suppressor with apoptotic functions. The invention provides WWOX nucleic acid- and polypeptide-based cancer therapies. The invention also provides methods for cancer detection, diagnosis and prognosis involving WWOX nucleic acids and polypeptides.

The present invention relates to oncogenes or tumor suppressor genes, as well as other genes, involved in prostate cancer and their expression products, as well as derivatives and analogs thereof. Provided are therapeutic compositions and methods of detecting and treating cancer, including prostate and other related cancers. Also provided are methods of diagnosing and / or prognosing prostate cancer by determining the expression level of at least one prostate cancer-cell-specific gene, including, for example, the ERG gene or the LTF gene alone, or in combination with at least one of the AMACR gene and the DD3 gene.

The present invention relates to the identification and cloning of ARTS-1, a novel tumor suppressor gene, to isolated proteins encoded by ARTS-1, and to methods of making and using the same.

A tumor antigen that comprises, as an active ingredient, a product of the Wilms' tumor suppressor gene WT1 or a peptide composed of 7-30 contiguous amino acids containing an anchor amino acid for binding to major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I in said amino acid sequence, and a vaccine comprising said antigen.

Twenty-three markers are provided which are epigenetically silenced in ovarian cancers. The markers can be used diagnostically, prognostically, therapeutically, and for selecting treatments that are well tailored for an individual patient. Restoration of expression of silenced genes can be useful therapeutically, for example, if the silenced gene is a tumor-suppressor gene. Restoration can be accomplished by supplying non-methylated copies of the silenced genes or polynucleotides encoding their encoded products. Alternatively, restoration can be accomplished using chemical demethylating agents or methylation inhibitors. Kits for testing for epigenetic silencing can be used in the context of diagnostics, prognostics, or for selecting “personalized medicine” treatments.

The invention provides a novel human tumor inhibiting gene and an encoded protein thereof. The gene and the encoded protein can inhibit the growth of tumor cells, are down-regulated in various tumor tissues, and have a close relation with the generation of tumors. The gene and the encoded protein and derivatives thereof can be used for the diagnosis, treatment and drug screening of various tumors.

The present invention is based, at least in part, on the generation of an animal model of pancreatic adenocarcinoma which recapitulates the genetic and histological features of human pancreatic adenocarcinoma, including the initiation, maintenance, and progression of the disease. Accordingly, the present invention provides animal models of cancer, e.g., pancreatic adenocarcinoma, wherein an activating mutation of Kras has been introduced, and any one or more known or unknown tumor suppressor genes or loci, e.g., Ink4a / Arf, Ink4a, Arf, p53, Smad4 / Dpc, Lkb1, Brca2, or Mlh1, have been misexpressed, e.g., have been misexpressed leading to decreased expression or non-expression. The animal models of the invention may be used, for example, to identify biomarkers of pancreatic cancer, to identify agents for the treatment or prevention of pancreatic cancer, and to evaluate the effectiveness of potential therapeutic agents.

This invention relates to the engineering of animal cells, preferably mammalian, more preferably rat, that are deficient due to the disruption of tumor suppressor gene(s) or gene product(s). In another aspect, the invention relates to genetically modified rats, as well as the descendants and ancestors of such animals, which are animal models of human cancer and methods of their use.

This invention provides a genetically tractable in situ non-human animal model for hepatocellular carcinoma. The model is useful, inter alia, in understanding the molecular mechanisms of liver cancer, in understanding the genetic alterations (e.g., in oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes) that lead to chemoresistance or poor prognosis, and in identifying and evaluating new therapies against hepatocellular carcinomas. The liver cancer model of this invention is made by altering hepatocytes to increase oncogene expression, to reduce tumor suppressor gene expression or both, preferably by inducible, reversible, and / or tissue specific expression of double-stranded RNA molecules that interfere with the expression of a target gene, and by transplanting the resulting hepatocytes into a recipient non-human animal. The invention further provides a method to treat cancer involving cooperative interactions between a tumor cell senescence program and the innate immune system.

Tyrosine phosphorylation, regulated by protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs) and kinases (PTKs), is important in signaling pathways underlying tumorigenesis. A mutational analysis of the tyrosine phosphatase gene superfamily in human cancers identified 83 somatic mutations in six PTPs (PTPRF, PTPRG, PTPRT, PTPN3, PTPN13, PTPN14) affecting 26% of colorectal cancers and a smaller fraction of lung, breast and gastric cancers. Fifteen mutations were nonsense, frameshift or splice site alterations predicted to result in truncated proteins lacking phosphatase activity. Five missense mutations in the most commonly altered PTP (PTPRP) were biochemically examined and found to reduce phosphatase activity. Expression of wild-type but not a mutant PTPRT in human cancer cells inhibited cell growth. These observations suggest that the tyrosine phosphatase genes are tumor suppressor genes, regulating cellular pathways that may be amenable to therapeutic intervention.

Embodiments of the invention include methods and compositions including viral composition that have high transduction efficiencies in vivo, in vitro and ex vivo. The viral composition include a viral vector and a protamine molecule, wherein the viral vector includes a polynucleotide encoding a tumor suppressor gene. The methods of the invention include administering the viral composition to a patient or subject for treatment of disease, in particular cancer, that is characterized by a reduced vector-induced production of neutralizing antibodies and a decreased vector-induced toxicity as compared to delivery of viral vectors alone.

Disclosed is a cancer vaccine composition for a human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-A*0206-positive subject, which is characterized by comprising a protein which is a gene product of a tumor suppressor gene WT1 or a partial peptide of the protein.

This invention provides a genetically tractable in situ non-human animal model for hepatocellular carcinoma. The model is useful, inter alia, in understanding the molecular mechanisms of liver cancer, in understanding the genetic alterations that lead to chemoresistance or poor prognosis, and in identifying and evaluating new therapies against hepatocellular carcinomas. The liver cancer model of this invention is made by altering hepatocytes to increase oncogene expression, to reduce tumor suppressor gene expression or both and by transplanting the resulting hepatocytes into a recipient non-human animal.

The present invention is directed to methods of using HSS1 (Hematopoietic Signal peptide-containing Secreted 1), HSM1 (Hematopoietic Signal peptide-containing Membrane domain-containing 1), or a combination thereof in the treatment of various cancers, such as brain cancers.

The present invention provides isolated nucleic acids encoding delta DNA methyltransferase 3B molecules that are involved in the treatment and prevention of cancers such as, but not limited to, lung cancer. The delta DNA methyltransferase 3B molecules of the present invention are found to play a critical role in promoter-specific methylation of tumor suppressor genes. The DNA methyltransferase 3B molecules of the present invention are provided as therapeutic targets for identifying inhibitors of DNA methyltransferase. Such inhibitors are contemplated for the treatment and / or prevention of cancers. In particular embodiments, the present invention involves the treatment and prevention of a non-small cell lung cancer.

This disclosure provides a novel tumor suppressor, referred to as p28ING5, nucleic acid molecules encoding this protein, and methods of making and using these molecules. Also provided are methods of ameliorating, treating, detecting, prognosing, and diagnosing diseases and conditions associated with abnormal p28ING5 expression, such as neoplasia. Kits are also provided.

The invention relates to a newly identified tumor suppressor gene, designated DOS (for Deleted in Osteosarcoma and alternatively referred to herein as DOCK 3) which has been cloned from human and mouse cells. The DOS nucleic acid and protein molecules and their use in the diagnosing and treating disorders characterized by aberrant DOS molecule expression are described.

The human HLJ1 tumor suppressor gene is herein defined as regulated by promoter, enhancer, and silencer regions. HLJ1 promoter activity and gene expression are inversely correlated with metastatic ability. HLJ1 is highly expressed, and inducible, in cells with low metastatic ability and expressed to a lesser extent in highly metastatic cells. HLJ1 gene expression suppressed the growth of human lung adenocarcinoma cells in vitro, and inhibited tumor growth in vivo. It also impeded the motility of human adenocarcinoma cells and reduced the anchorage-independent growth capacity and invasiveness of metastatic lung adenocarcinoma cells. The degree to which human lung adenocarcinoma patients express HLJ1 predicts their survival prognosis and their probability of relapse.

Methods, probe sets, kits, and compositions for gene deletion assays are disclosed. In some embodiments, the methods relate to preparing probes for a deletion assay, performing a deletion assay, or optimizing a deletion assay. In some embodiments, the methods and probe sets can provide reduced artifactual deletion frequency, for example, when analyzing samples subject to truncation artifacts. In some embodiments, the methods and probe sets can distinguish between small and large deletions.