70 results about "Titanyl phthalocyanin" patented technology

A process for forming a cocrystalline mixture of titanyl phthalocyanine (TiOPc) and titanyl fluorophthalocyanine (TiOFPc) includes: dry milling a mixture of crude TiOPc and crude TiOFPc, thereby forming an amorphous pigment mixture of TiOPc and TiOFPc; and heating the amorphous pigment mixture at a temperature effective to form a cocrystalline composition comprising titanyl phthalocyanine (TiOPc) and titanyl fluorophthalocyanine (TiOFPc), the cocrystalline composition being characterized by an X-ray diffraction spectrum exhibiting intensity peaks at 7.2°, 12.9°, 16.3°, 22.3°, 24.6°, 26.2°, and 28.8° with respect to X-rays of Cu Kαat a wavelength of 1.54 1 Å of the Bragg angle 2θ.

According to the present invention, a titanyl phthalocyanin crystal excellent in storage stability in organic solvents, a method for preparing the same and an electrophotographic photoconductor using the same are provided. In the titanyl phthalocyanin crystal, the method for preparing such a titanyl phthalocyanin crystal and the electrophotographic photoconductor using the same, the titanyl phthalocyanin crystal is characterized by having the maximum peak at a Bragg angle 2θ±0.2°=27.2° in a CuKα characteristic X-ray diffraction spectrum and one peak within the range of 270 to 400° C. other than a peak accompanied by the vaporization of adsorbed water in a differential scanning calorimetric analysis.

An electrophotographic photoreceptor, comprising:an electroconductive substrate; anda photosensitive layer located overlying the electroconductive substrate,wherein the photosensitive layer is a single-layered layer comprising a charge generation material and an electron transport material having the following specific formula (1):wherein the charge generation materials is a titanylphthalocyanine having a specific CuKα 1.542 Å X-ray diffraction spectrum.

An image is formed by projecting an image by way of an image irradiating device onto an image bearing member configured to operate at a linear velocity of at least 300 mm / sec, and which is constructed of(i) an electroconductive substrate having an image bearing surface that has an established surface charge having an electric field intensity of at least 32.1 V / μm which is defined as the ratio of the absolute value (V) of the surface voltage of a non-irradiated portion of the image bearing member at a developing position to the layer thickness of the photosensitive layer (μm), (ii) a charge blocking layer overlying the electroconductive substrate, (iii) a moiré prevention layer overlying the charge blocking layer and (iv) a photosensitive layer overlying the moiré prevention layer consisting essentially of a titanyl phthalocyanine; charging the image bearing member by means of a charging device; irradiating said surface of the image bearing member with plural irradiation beams; developing the latent electrostatic image with a developing device; transferring the developed image by a transfer device configured; and cleaning the image bearing member.

A photoreceptor including an electroconductive substrate; and a charge blocking layer; a moiré preventing layer; and a photosensitive layer, which are overlaid overlying the substrate in this order, wherein the photosensitive layer includes a titanyl phthalocyanine crystal which has an average primary particle diameter not greater than 0.25 μm, and has an X-ray diffraction spectrum such that a maximum peak is observed at a Bragg (2θ) angle of 27.2°±0.2°; a peak is observed at Bragg (2θ) angle of 9.4°±0.2°, 9.6±0.2° and 24.0±0.2°; a lowest angle peak is observed at an angle of 7.3°±0.2°; no peak is observed between the lowest angle peak and the 9.4° peak; and no peak is observed at a Bragg (2θ) angle of 26.3°±0.2°, when a Cu—Kα X-ray having a wavelength of 0.1542 nm (1.542 Å) is used.

The object of the present invention is to provide a photoconductor that is highly sensitive, stable in image quality under repeated usages, and affords prolonged life.In order attain the object, a photoconductor is provided that comprises a charge generating layer, a charge transporting layer, and a crosslinked charge transporting layer, on an substrate in order,the charge generating layer contains titanyl phthalocyanine crystal particles that exhibit a highest peak at 27.2°, main peaks at 9.4°, 9.6° and 24.0°, a peak at 7.3° as the lowest angle, and with no peaks in a range between 7.3° and 9.4°, and with no peak at 26.3° as Bragg 2θangles (±0.2°) in terms of CuK-α characteristic X-ray wavelength at 1.542 Å, and the averaged primary particle size of the titanyl phthalocyanine crystal particles is 0.25 μm or less, andthe crosslinked charge transporting layer contains a reaction product of a radical polymerizable monomer having three or more functionalities and no charge transporting structure and a radical polymerizable compound having one functionality and a charge transporting structure, and the thickness of the crosslinked charge transporting layer is 1 to 10 μm.

The present invention relates to a novel titanyl phthalocyanine crystal which can prepare a coating solution having excellent storage stability because it satisfies both of the following two characteristics (a) and (b), a method of producing the same, an electrophotosensitive material using the above crystal as an electric charge generating material.(a) The crystal has a maximum peak at a Bragg angle 2θ±0.2°=27.2° and has no peak at 7.4° in a CuKα characteristic X-ray diffraction spectrum.(b) The crystal does not have a peak of a change in temperature within a range from 50 to 400° C. except for a peak associated with evaporation of adsorbed water in differential scanning calorimetry.

According to the present invention, a titanyl phthalocyanin crystal excellent in storage stability in organic solvents, a method for preparing the same and an electrophotographic photoconductor using the same are provided. In the titanyl phthalocyanin crystal, the method for preparing such a titanyl phthalocyanin crystal and the electrophotographic photoconductor using the same, the titanyl phthalocyanin crystal is characterized by having the maximum peak at a Bragg angle 2 θ±0.2°=27.2° in a CuKα characteristic X-ray diffraction spectrum and one peak within the range of 270 to 400° C. other than a peak accompanied by the vaporization of adsorbed water in a differential scanning calorimetric analysis.

A titanylphthalocyanine crystal having an X-ray diffraction spectrum having plural diffraction peaks and a primary particle diameter not greater than 0.2 μm, wherein a maximum diffraction peak is observed at a Bragg (2 θ) angle of 27.2±0.2°; main peaks are observed at 9.4°, 9.6° and 24.0°; and a minimum diffraction peak is observed at 7.3°; and preferably no diffraction peak is observed at an angle greater than 7.3° and less than 9.4° when a specific X-ray of CuKα having a wavelength of 1.542 Å irradiates the titanylphthalocyanine crystal.

The present invention provides a monolayer type electrophotographic photoconductor which can effectively suppress the generation of an exposure memory and exhibits high sensitivity and an image forming apparatus using the monolayer type electrophotographic photoconductor. In an electrophotographic photoconductor which has a monolayer type photoconductive layer including at least a charge generating agent, a hole transfer agent, an electron transfer agent and a binding resin on a substrate, the charge generating agent contains oxo-titanyl phthalocyanine crystal, the electron transfer agent has a reduction potential thereof set to a value which falls within a range from −0.97 to −0.83 V, and the reflection absorbance (A / −) of the photoconductive layer with respect to light having a wavelength of 700 nm, a film thickness (d / m) of the photoconductive layer, and the concentration (C / weight %) of the oxo-titanyl phthalocyanine crystal of the photoconductive layer (100 weight %) satisfy a following formula (1).A·C−1·d−1>1.75×104  (1)

An electrophotographic photoreceptor is provided that contains a conductive substrate, an undercoat layer, a charge generation layer, and a charge transport layer, wherein the under coat layer contains a binder resin and multiple inorganic pigments each having different average primary particle diameters in a total amount of from 75 to 86% by weight, the charge generation layer contains a binder resin and a titanyl phthalocyanine pigment having a specific X-ray diffraction spectrum in an amount of from 70 to 85% by weight, the charge transport layer comprises a specific distyryl compound, and the following formulae (2-1) to (2-3) are satisfied:0.2≦(D(F2) / D(G))≦0.5  (2-1)0.2≦D(F1)  (2-2)D(F2)≦D(F1)  (2-3)wherein D(F1) (μm) and D(F2) (μm) represent average primary particle diameters of the largest and smallest inorganic pigments, respectively, and D(G) (μm) represents an average primary particle diameter of the titanyl phthalocyanine pigment.

An electrophotographic photoreceptor including a photosensitive layer which includes a titanyl phthalocyanine crystal having a major absorption peak at a wavelength of 780 nm±10 nm and a minor absorption peak having an intensity of ¾ or less of the major absorption peak at 690 nm±10 nm in the visible-infrared absorption spectrum and a distyryl compound having a predetermined structure. An electrophotographic image forming apparatus employing the electrophotographic photoreceptor is also provided. The electrophotographic photoreceptor and the electrophotographic image forming apparatus have good photosensitivity and charging properties and good stability over repeated charging obtained by using an optimum combination of a new crystal type of a highly photosensitive titanyl phthalocyanine and a distyryl compound which is a charge transporting material that is compatible with the titanyl phthalocyanine.

An electrophotography photosensitive body has a single layer photosensitive layer on top of a conductive substrate, directly or via an undercoat layer. The single layer photosensitive layer contains at least a resin binder, a charge generating substance, and a charge transport substance, wherein at least one of the charge generating substances is a titanyl phthalocyanine, which, in a x-ray powder diffraction spectrum having a radiation source of CuK alpha and within a range of a Bragg angle 2theta=5~35°, a ratio, R, of a value, P, of a diffraction intensity of a highest peak and a value, B, of a diffraction intensity of the background satisfies the equation R=(P-B) / B<=7.0. The resulting electrophotographic photosensitive layer shows excellent electrical properties with positive charging as well as excellent stability when repeatedly used.

A method of using high temperature plasma to disintegrate waste containing titanyl phthalocyanine (TiOPc) comprises heating a mixture of titanyl phthalocyanine (TiOPc), a vitrifying material and optionally selected waste soil to a temperature of 1,220° C. to 10,000° C. until the mixture becomes a molten lava. The plasma breaks down the titanyl phthalocyanine and encapsulates the benign products in the lava that is chemically very stable. Since the titanyl phthalocyanine (TiOPc) is disintegrated completely in the process, the titanyl phtbalocyanine (TiOPc) no longer represents a threat to the environmental.