Application of heterocyclic compound containing at least two sulfur atoms to preparation of nano vaccine and prepared nano vaccine

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of immunotherapy or vaccine prevention and treatment, in particular to a heterocyclic compound containing two or more sulfur atoms and an application of the heterocyclic compound to preparation of a nano vaccine. The invention provides an application of the heterocyclic compound which contains at least two sulfur atoms and can be covalently or non-covalently connected with polypeptide to preparation of the nano vaccine. Nanoparticles prepared by self-assembly of the compound and an antigen can enter dendritic cytoplasm in a transmembrane mode, and the uptake efficiency of the antigen and an immunologic adjuvant is improved. In the process of entering the cells, biodegradation of an enzyme body in lysosome on antigens or nucleic acid adjuvants can be effectively avoided or reduced, so that the nano vaccine disclosed by the invention can efficiently activate the dendritic cells and improve the cross presentation effect on the antigens, further CD8 + T cells can be effectively activated, and proliferation of the T cells can be promoted. Therefore, the nano vaccine provided by the invention can prevent tumor cell proliferation and virus infection by utilizing efficient immune activation and immune regulation effects.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of immunotherapy or vaccine prevention and control, in particular to the application of heterocyclic compounds containing two or more sulfur atoms in the preparation of nano vaccines and the prepared nano vaccines. Background technique [0002] In recent years, the research and development of immune vaccines has made significant progress in the comprehensive prevention and treatment of cancer and viral infections, and has high clinical application value in anti-tumor or anti-viral infections. At present, countries have successively developed various anti-tumor or anti-viral vaccines for disease prevention or treatment and have entered clinical phase I and II, and some have been approved for clinical use in the United States and Europe. However, such vaccines still face some challenges in stimulating the maturation of antigen-presenting cells and enhancing cross-presentation. After entering intracellular lys...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

Existing nano-vaccine mainly enters dendritic cells through the endocytosis-lysosome pathway, that is, after being endocytized by dendritic cells, it will form endocytic bodies or vesicles, and then fuse with intracellular lysosomes. The nuclease or proteolytic enzyme in the lysosome will cut or hydrolyze the nucleic acid adjuvant or antigenic peptide released by the nano-vaccine, reduce the stimulation and activation of dendritic cells by the nucleic acid adjuvant, and affect its effect on the antigenic peptide. Cross-presentation, activation and proliferation of immature T lymphocytes, weakens the body's cellular immune response to antigenic peptides, resulting in poor efficacy of tumor immunotherapy

[0004] In recent years, although liposome mRNA or peptide vaccines developed based on liposome embedding technology can reduce the degradation of their active ingredients by endolysosomes to a certain extent, they still rely on endocytosis-lysosome pathway uptake. Into lymphocytes, unable to avoid the degradation of enzymes in lysosomes; and because polyethylene glycol on the surface of liposomes can effectively resist or hinder the endocytosis of lymphocytes such as macrophages, thereby reducing the uptake efficiency of antigens and the activation ratio of lymphocytes, thereby reducing the cross-presentation of antigens

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