A vacuum environment laser additive manufacturing metal evaporation control method and device

Abstract

The invention provides a vacuum environment metal wire laser additive manufacturing evaporation suppression method and device, which preheats the metal wire and uses a laser beam shaping system to change the spatial distribution of beam energy. Including: preheating the metal wire in a vacuum environment, the preheating temperature is lower than the melting point of the wire, which can improve the heating efficiency, reduce the requirements for laser power, and reduce the evaporation caused by the laser heating the material for a long time. The Gaussian distribution laser is shaped, and the laser power density after shaping is evenly distributed. Use the shaping light spot to heat the surface of the wire until it melts, reducing the evaporation caused by the local overheating of the material caused by the Gaussian heat source. The invention can reduce the requirements on laser power, effectively suppress evaporation, improve the safety of space laser additive manufacturing equipment, and improve energy utilization efficiency.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of additive manufacturing, in particular to a metal evaporation control method and device for laser additive manufacturing in a vacuum environment. Background technique [0002] Metal space additive manufacturing technology is a revolutionary technology required for manned space exploration in the future. The expansion of space station functions and deep space exploration all require the use of space additive manufacturing to realize space manufacturing of spacecraft, space bases and other large-scale equipment to solve current problems. There is a bottleneck of limited transportation weight and transportation volume of the transportation spaceship. [0003] Metal powder cannot be effectively controlled under space microgravity, and metal wire is easy to control, with high material utilization rate and high cladding efficiency. Therefore, metal wire additive manufacturing is a better choice for space metal a...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0004] However, due to the characteristics of high vacuum and microgravity in the space environment, the evaporation of metals in the high vacuum environment is serious, resulting in low energy utilization, pollution of the space environment, and the adhesion of metal vapor on the laser protective mirror will also cause damage to the laser.

This not only limits the application of this technology in space, but also restricts the development of high vacuum simulation experiments in ground space.

[0005] How to reduce the evaporation rate of metal materials in a vacuum environment and improve energy utilization is a technical difficulty. At present, there is no feasible solution, which limits the wider application of this technology.

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