Moving bed self-heating type pressure gasification hydrogen-rich environment dry distillation furnace and dry distillation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a moving bed self-heating type pressure gasification hydrogen-rich environment dry distillation furnace and a dry distillation method thereof. The dry distillation furnace comprises a storage bin, a material lock, a dry distillation furnace body, an ash lock and an ash bin, wherein the storage bin is arranged on the upper part of the material lock and connected with the material lock through a material lock upper valve; the material lock is arranged on and connected with the upper part of the dry distillation furnace body a material lock lower valve; a thermal-insulation layer or a cooling layer is arranged on the outer wall of the dry distillation furnace body; a gasifying agent inlet is formed in the lower part of the dry distillation furnace body, and an oil-gas outlet is formed in the upper part of the dry distillation furnace body and communicated with the inner part of the furnace body; a rotary furnace grate is arranged between the lower part of the inner wall of the dry distillation furnace body and the ash lock; the ash lock is arranged on and connected with the lower part of the dry distillation furnace body an ash lock upper valve; the ash bin is arranged on and connected with the lower part of the ash lock by an ash lock lower valve. The dry distillation method comprises steps of loading materials, performing pressurized distillation, and discharging ashes. The moving bed self-heating type pressure gasification hydrogen-rich environment dry distillation furnace has the characteristics of being simple in structure, high in oil yield rate, good in oil quality, high in heating efficiency, high in coal gas heat value, capable of sufficiently utilizing chemical latent heat of fixed carbon, less in carbon content in outlet ashes, good in activity, strong in raw material adaption and high in source utilization rate.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of energy and chemical engineering, and in particular relates to a high oil production rate, good oil quality, high thermal efficiency, high gas calorific value, full use of fixed carbon chemical latent heat, less carbon content in ash, good activity, and raw material adaptability. A moving bed self-heating pressurized gasification hydrogen-rich environment retort furnace with high strength and high resource utilization rate and a retort method thereof. Background technique [0002] Coal and oil shale organic rocks have different raw materials (coal is higher plants, oil shale is aquatic animals and plants and lower plants) and diagenetic environment is different (coal forms swamp environment, oil shale forms lakes, shallow bays, and swamp environments ), there are also some differences in physical and chemical properties (low-rank coal has high moisture and more fixed carbon, oil shale has low moisture and ...

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Problems solved by technology

[0003]At present, most of the coal or oil shale low-temperature carbonization technology adopts block gas heat carrier carbonization technology, such as the low-temperature carbonization technology of coal for the purpose of obtaining low-temperature coal tar. Sanjiang Furnace, Luqi three-stage furnace, Dalian University of Technology and Zhejiang University’s solid heat carrier dry distillation technology, etc., low-temperature dry distillation of oil shale includes Fushun Furnace, Maoming Furnace, Jilin Chengda Furnace, Kiwit Furnace in Estonia, Petroleum Petroleum in Brazil Sykes furnaces, etc., all have low oil production rate, poor oil quality, fixed carbon chemical latent heat has not been fully utilized, and carbonization is mainly carried out by heat sources outside the furnace, so the thermal efficiency of carbonization is low, and the pyrolysis environment is poor (non-rich hydrogen environment), resource utilization is low

In addition, there are still many problems such as low calorific value of pyrolysis gas, poor utilization, large amount of process wastewater and large load of oil and gas recovery system.

It is also common that retort materials with a particle size of <15mm cannot be used, especially in the oil shale industry, resulting in a great waste of resources

There is also a solid heat carrier pyrolysis process. Although it overcomes the problem that the volatile products pyrolyzed in the gas heat carrier are diluted by the flue gas, there are still large power consumption and severe mechanical wear caused by mechanical stirring and mixing; external sources are required. In addition, the mixing uniformity of the dry material and the solid heat carrier is poor, which directly affects the heat transfer efficiency between the heat carrier and the coal particles, and it is difficult to avoid coke particles, which affects the solid particles in the coupling system. Stable flow, reduce the problem of gas and liquid yield in pyrolysis reaction

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