Processing method of heavy oil

Abstract

A processing method of heavy oil comprises the following steps: carrying out a contact cracking treatment on inferior heavy oil, making cokes deposited on a contact agent carry out a gasification reaction at a low temperature in a gasification unit to convert the cokes into gasified gas which is rich in carbon monoxide and hydrogen gas, transporting the gasified gas rich in carbon monoxide and hydrogen gas into a converting unit to generate hydrogen gas and CO2, separating the hydrogen gas and CO2, and transporting CO2 to a dry reforming unit to carry out reaction with gas rich in methane in the presence of a regeneration contact agent so as to generate CO and hydrogen gas; wherein the contact agent can be recycled and returned to the contact cracking reactor after the contact agent has exerted a catalyzing function and then is discharged out from the dry reforming reactor. The processing method reasonably utilizes residues and metals of heavy oil processing to produce products with a high economic value, and is economic and environment-friendly.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to a method for processing inferior heavy oil. More specifically, it is a combined processing method that combines heavy oil contact cracking with gasification regeneration and gas dry reforming. Background technique [0002] The heavy and inferior quality of crude oil in the world is becoming more and more obvious. In the future, the objects of refining and processing will gradually shift to heavy oil or sour crude oil, and the processing process will become more and more difficult. The heaviness and inferiority of crude oil are mainly reflected in the aspects of high density, high carbon residue, high sulfur content, high colloid and asphaltene content, and high heavy metal nickel and vanadium content. 15%. Processing heavy oil can be divided into catalytic processing and non-catalytic processing. Catalytic processing technology includes heavy oil catalytic cracking, heavy oil hydrogenation and other processes. Non-catalytic...

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Problems solved by technology

On the one hand, this process adopts high-temperature gasification, which requires high energy consumption. On the other hand, the CO and H in the produced gas 2 The content is relatively low, the calorific value is low, and its added value is also very low Fluid coking and flexible coking process

Both use the coke core as the fluidization medium, and at the same time as the carrier of coke and heat. There are problems such as uneven particle size distribution of coke particles, which are prone to large agglomerates and fine coke powder, which affect the fluidization effect.

However, the catalytic reactor filled with the loaded granular catalyst is generally a fixed-bed reactor. In general, the bed pressure drop is large, there is a large temperature gradient between the beds, and the thermal conductivity is poor, and the thermal resistance is large. It is very easy to cause local overheating of the catalyst bed, so that the active component Ni is easier to sinter during the reaction process, and the activity of the catalyst decreases rapidly

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