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Silicon alloy and graphene composite material and preparation method thereof

A technology of composite materials and silicon alloys, applied in structural parts, electrical components, battery electrodes, etc., can solve problems such as the collapse of silicon lattice structure, the deactivation of active materials, and the pulverization of materials

Active Publication Date: 2013-04-03
OCEANS KING LIGHTING SCI&TECH CO LTD +1
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  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

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Problems solved by technology

However, silicon-based materials have a disadvantage: in the process of deep deintercalation of lithium, the stress generated by the volume effect is likely to cause the collapse of the silicon lattice structure and the pulverization of the material, causing the active material to detach from the electrode material system and lose its activity. cycle stability
[0004] However, this material tends to form an inert metal-silicon phase, which weakens the specific volume of silicon-based materials.

Method used

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  • Silicon alloy and graphene composite material and preparation method thereof
  • Silicon alloy and graphene composite material and preparation method thereof

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preparation example Construction

[0034] The preparation method of above-mentioned silicon alloy of one embodiment, graphene composite material, comprises the steps:

[0035] S10. Providing or preparing silicon alloy micro-nano particles and graphite oxide.

[0036] The silicon alloy micro-nano particles have a particle diameter of 1 nm to 100 nm.

[0037] The metal in the silicon alloy micro-nano particle is nickel, iron, copper, magnesium, cobalt or aluminum, and the mass ratio of the metal is 1%-30%.

[0038] Generally, a high-energy ball mill can be used to grind silicon alloy (Ni-Si, Fe-Si, Cu-Si, Mg-Si, Co-Si, Al-Si) powder to obtain silicon alloy micronano particles with a particle size of 1nm to 100nm. particles.

[0039] Afterwards, the surface of the silicon alloy micro-nano particle is treated with hydrochloric acid, so as to wash away the dirt on the surface of the silicon alloy micro-nano particle.

[0040] Generally, graphite oxide can be prepared from graphite by the Hummers method, that is, ...

Embodiment 1

[0063] (1) Graphite: 99.5% purity.

[0064] (2) Graphite oxide: Add 50-mesh graphite powder with a purity of 99.5%, potassium persulfate and phosphorus pentoxide into concentrated sulfuric acid at 75°C according to a mass ratio of 2:1:1, stir evenly, cool naturally, and wash until medium After drying, the pretreated mixture is obtained. Add the pretreated mixture into concentrated sulfuric acid, then add potassium permanganate, keep the temperature below 20°C, then add deionized water in an oil bath at 35°C for 2 hours, add hydrogen peroxide for reaction after 15 minutes, filter with suction, and collect the solid . Finally, the above solid was washed with dilute hydrochloric acid and dried to obtain graphite oxide.

[0065] (3) Grinding silicon alloy (Ni—Si alloy, 30% Ni) powder by a high-energy ball mill to obtain silicon alloy micro-nano particles, and treating the surface of the obtained silicon alloy micro-nano particles with hydrochloric acid.

[0066] (4) Composite o...

Embodiment 2

[0071] (1) Graphite: 99.5% purity.

[0072] (2) Graphite oxide: with embodiment 1.

[0073] (3) Grinding the silicon alloy (Cu—Si, 30% Cu) powder by a high-energy ball mill to obtain silicon alloy micro-nano particles, and treating the surface of the obtained silicon alloy micro-nano particles with hydrochloric acid.

[0074] (4) Composite of silicon alloy micronanoparticles and graphene oxide: add the graphite oxide prepared in (2) into water for ultrasonic dispersion to form a graphene oxide solution uniformly dispersed in a single layer, mix the above two, and silicon The mass ratio of the alloy to the graphene oxide is 1:10, vigorously stirred at room temperature for 0.5 h, and dried in vacuum to obtain evenly dispersed graphene oxide-coated silicon alloy micro-nano particles.

[0075] (5) Thermal reduction in an atmosphere containing a reducing gas: Put the silicon alloy micro-nano particles coated with graphene oxide obtained in (4) into a tube furnace passing through c...

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Abstract

The invention discloses a silicon alloy and graphene composite material. The silicon alloy and graphene composite material comprises graphene-coated silicon alloy micro-nano particles and graphene, wherein the graphene-coated silicon alloy micro-nano particles and the graphene are uniformly mixed in the mass ratio of (5:1) to (1:20), and the mass fraction of the silicon alloy micro-nano particles in the silicon alloy and graphene composite material is 0.1%-20%. According to the silicon alloy and graphene composite material, the ordinary carbon material is replaced with a graphene material which has good electrical conductivity and void distribution as well as high mechanical properties, so that the specific volume is higher compared with that of the traditional silicon-based materials. The invention further provides a preparation method of the silicon alloy and graphene composite material.

Description

【Technical field】 [0001] The invention relates to the field of new materials, in particular to a silicon alloy, a graphene composite material and a preparation method thereof. 【Background technique】 [0002] With the development of various new energy sources, the miniaturization of portable electronic devices and the extensive demand for large-capacity and high-power chemical power sources for electric vehicles. At present, commercialized lithium-ion batteries mostly use lithium-graphite system. Although the electrochemical performance of this type of system is excellent, due to its low lithium storage capacity (such as the theoretical 372mAh / g of graphite), the new transition metal oxide / Graphite system is widely valued by people. [0003] Among the currently known lithium intercalation materials, pure silicon has the highest theoretical lithium storage capacity (4200mAh / g), relatively low lithium intercalation potential, and is not easy to agglomerate during charging and...

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): H01M4/38
CPCY02E60/10
Inventor 周明杰王要兵钟玲珑
Owner OCEANS KING LIGHTING SCI&TECH CO LTD
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