The embodiment of the invention provides a target detection model training method, a target recognition method, devices and a medium. According to the target detection model training method, richer training images can be obtained through the data augmentation of M sample images; N training images are taken as a sample set of an initial detection model, the richness of training samples is greatly improved, and therefore, the target detection model can detect or identify a target from multiple dimensions, the missing detection of the target can be effectively avoided, the target detection or identification accuracy of the target detection model is greatly improved; in the prior art, the detection effect of a detection model is not ideal, and a target is prone to being missed, with the methodof the invention adopted, the above problem in the prior art can be solved, and the comprehensiveness and accuracy of the target detection model can be improved.