Efficient machining method for thin-wall aluminum oxide ceramic structural part and negative pressure clamp

Abstract

The invention discloses an efficient machining method for a thin-wall aluminum oxide ceramic structural part and a negative pressure clamp. The method comprises the steps that, the thin-wall aluminum oxide ceramic structural part is positioned, the bottom of the thin-wall aluminum oxide ceramic structural part is adsorbed to the negative-pressure clamp, and the side face or the outer arc-shaped face of the structural part is ground through a diamond grinding head; the thin-wall aluminum oxide ceramic structural part is positioned, the bottom of the thin-wall aluminum oxide ceramic structural part is adsorbed to the negative-pressure clamp, and a groove in the middle of the structural part is ground through a diamond grinding head; and the thin-wall aluminum oxide ceramic structural part is positioned, the bottom of the thin-wall aluminum oxide ceramic structural part is adsorbed to the negative-pressure clamp, and the small-diameter diamond grinding head continues to be used for grinding a through hole in the bottom of the groove in the middle. According to the characteristics of hardness, brittleness, wear resistance and thin-wall structure of an aluminum oxide ceramic material, a thin-wall structural part is positioned and clamped through the negative pressure clamp, then the outer edge and the middle groove are ground at a high speed under the high-strength condition, and finally the thin-wall through hole is ground at a relatively low-speed condition, so that the clamping efficiency and the machining efficiency are high, and moreover, the loss rate is low, the precision is high, and better machining quality can be obtained.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of mechanical manufacturing technology, and in particular relates to a high-efficiency processing method and a negative pressure clamp for a thin-walled alumina ceramic structural part with high clamping efficiency and processing efficiency, low loss rate and good processing quality. Background technique [0002] Alumina ceramics are a kind of aluminum oxide (Al 2 o 3 ) as the main ceramic material, has good conductivity, mechanical strength and high temperature resistance, and is a widely used ceramic. Due to the poor thermal shock resistance and low fracture toughness of alumina ceramics, the hardness is second only to diamond, and the wear resistance is equivalent to 266 times that of manganese steel, so not only the cutting performance is poor, but also the clamping is difficult and the processing efficiency is low. Excessive processing force or clamping force will cause the workpiece to break, and it ...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

Due to the poor thermal shock resistance and low fracture toughness of alumina ceramics, the hardness is second only to diamond, and the wear resistance is equivalent to 266 times that of manganese steel, so not only the cutting performance is poor, but also the clamping is difficult and the processing efficiency is low. Excessive processing force or clamping force will cause the workpiece to break, and it is a recognized brittle and difficult-to-machine material

[0003] In the existing technology, traditional turning, milling and other processing methods cannot meet the processing requirements of brittle materials such as alumina ceramics. At present, high-speed grinding, mechanical etching, emery wheel cutting method, steel wire cutting method, and EDM are generally used. , ultrasonic processing, laser etching and other methods for processing

However, the existing high-speed grinding is only suitable for the machining of round holes or planes of rigid parts with a certain thickness. For thin-walled structural parts, it is not only difficult to clamp, the processing efficiency is low, and the breakage rate is high

In addition, the electric discharge machining technology of ceramic materials in the prior art is difficult and prone to pollution; ultrasonic machining has problems such as low efficiency and serious tool wear; diamond wheel cutting method and steel wire cutting method also have low cutting accuracy, The metamorphic layer of the material in the processing area is large, and the processed surface is easily broken, resulting in a low qualified rate of finished products. The biggest problem is that special-shaped cutting and drilling cannot be performed; laser etching also has high power density. Direct laser irradiation will cause the surface of the material to rise rapidly to melt or gasification temperature, black metamorphic layer and recondensation layer exist on the surface after processing, which seriously affects the micromachining quality and dimensional accuracy of laser-etched alumina ceramic workpieces

In order to solve the problems of difficult clamping and processing of thin-walled ceramic structural parts and high damage rate, in the prior art, wax filling is generally used to increase its strength, and then ordinary clamps are used for positioning and clamping to solve the problem; however, wax filling is due to There is a significant difference in hardness and wear resistance from alumina ceramics, which not only hinders the processing of thin-walled parts, but also is not conducive to accurate positioning during processing, and paraffin wax will adhere to the tool and cause a decrease in sharpness. Cutting performance; In addition, although wax filling increases the strength of thin-walled ceramic structural parts to a certain extent, the problem of low fracture toughness cannot be effectively improved, so its clamping force is difficult to significantly improve, and it is impossible to increase large feed rate cutting , its cutting efficiency is still low

Of course, in order to improve the reliability of the connection between thin-walled ceramic structural parts and fixtures, wax bonding is also used to avoid the problem that excessive clamping force can easily lead to damage to structural parts, but the positioning accuracy of wax bonding is low and it is difficult to avoid The processing efficiency and precision are affected by the material difference between the wax and alumina ceramics, and it is difficult to clean the wax after use

Images