A method for recovering valuable metals from waste ternary lithium ion battery cathode materials

A technology for lithium ion batteries and cathode materials, which is applied in the field of recovering valuable metals from cathode materials of waste ternary lithium ion batteries, can solve the problem that solid reducing agents are easy to introduce impurities, unfavorable to large-scale industrial production, and low mass transfer and heat transfer efficiency. problems, to achieve the effect of facilitating large-scale continuous industrial production, simple and efficient heat balance, and good product quality

Active Publication Date: 2021-01-08
INST OF PROCESS ENG CHINESE ACAD OF SCI
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

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Problems solved by technology

However, due to the use of solid reducing agents in this process, new impurities are easily introduced, and fixed-bed roasting has problems such as low mass and heat transfer efficiency, uneven reaction, and unfavorable large-scale industrial production.
[0004] To sum up, the existing waste ternary lithium-ion battery positive electrode material recovery technology has problems such as long process, complex system, and difficulty in lithium extraction. The fixed bed reduction lithium extraction process has low mass and heat transfer efficiency and uneven reaction. The solid reducing agent is easy to introduce impurities and other problems

Method used

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  • A method for recovering valuable metals from waste ternary lithium ion battery cathode materials

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Embodiment 1

[0032] figure 1 It is a schematic flow chart of the method for recovering valuable metals from waste ternary lithium-ion battery cathode materials.

[0033] combine figure 1 , a method for recovering valuable metals from waste ternary lithium-ion battery cathode materials used in this embodiment, the method includes fluidized reduction process 1, cooling process 2, water leaching lithium process 3, evaporation and crystallization Operation 4, conversion and extraction of manganese operation 5 and dilute acid leaching operation 6 six operations, specifically carried out in the following steps:

[0034] 1) The positive electrode material of the waste ternary lithium-ion battery undergoes a fluidized reduction process to realize the transformation of the phase and structure, the reduction tail gas is sent for treatment, and the reduction heat material enters the cooling process;

[0035] 2) In the cooling process, the reduction heat material is exchanged with a heat medium to o...

Embodiment 2

[0041]This embodiment adopts the method for recovering valuable metals from the positive electrode material of the waste ternary lithium-ion battery described in Embodiment 1. The fluidized reduction process 1 adopts a fluidized bed reactor, the operating temperature is 300 ° C, and the reducing gas is hydrogen. The fluidization gas is a mixture of industrial nitrogen and hydrogen, the partial pressure of hydrogen is 0.1, and the residence time is 120min. The temperature of the cooled and reduced powder obtained in the cooling process is 40° C., the heat exchange medium is water, and the ratio of the cold material returned to the fluidized reduction process to the total cooled and reduced powder is 0.5. The operating temperature of the water leaching lithium extraction process is 20°C, the liquid-solid ratio is 5:1, the reaction time is 120min, and the liquid-solid separation adopts a belt filter, and the lithium leaching rate is 95%. The supporting electrolyte in the conversi...

Embodiment 3

[0043] This embodiment adopts the method for recovering valuable metals from waste ternary lithium-ion battery cathode materials described in Embodiment 1. The fluidized reduction process 1 adopts a fluidized bed reactor with an operating temperature of 700° C., and the reducing gas is hydrogen. The fluidizing gas is a mixture of industrial nitrogen and hydrogen, the partial pressure of hydrogen is 0.8, and the residence time is 15 minutes. The temperature of the cooled and reduced powder obtained in the cooling process is 90° C., the heat exchange medium is heat transfer oil, and the ratio of the cold material returned to the fluidized reduction process to the total cooled and reduced powder is 0.1. The operating temperature of the water leaching lithium extraction process is 90°C, the liquid-solid ratio is 2:1, and the reaction time is 10 minutes. The liquid-solid separation adopts a plate and frame filter press, and the lithium leaching rate is 96%. The supporting electroly...

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Abstract

The invention discloses a method for recycling valuable metals from a waste ternary lithium ion battery positive electrode material. The method comprises a fluidized reduction process, a cooling process, a water immersion and lithium extraction process, an evaporation and crystallization process, a conversion and manganese extraction process and a process of leaching through dilute acid. The method comprises the following steps: carrying out fluidized reduction on the waste ternary lithium ion battery positive electrode material to achieve transformation of phase and structure and obtain a reduced hot material; exchanging heat of the reduced hot material and cooling the reduced hot material, then feeding the reduced hot material into the water immersion and lithium extraction process, cooling and obtaining reduced powder, adding lithium in the reduced powder into an aqueous solution system, carrying out liquid-solid separation to obtain lithium extraction powder and a lithium hydroxidesolution, evaporating and crystallizing the solution to obtain lithium hydroxide; carrying out conversion and manganese extraction on the lithium extraction powder to obtain manganese hydroxide and manganese extraction powder, leaching the manganese extraction powder through dilute acid to obtain a leached solution containing nickel, cobalt and copper and hydrogen, returning hydrogen to the fluidized reduction process, and recycling nickel, cobalt and copper in the leached solution. The method has the advantages of short process, low energy consumption, environment friendliness and high addedvalues of products.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the field of recovery of positive electrode materials of waste lithium ion batteries, in particular to a method for recovering valuable metals from positive electrode materials of waste ternary lithium ion batteries. Background technique [0002] Traditional fuel vehicles need to consume a lot of fossil fuels, and the vehicle exhaust generated contains solid suspended particles, carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides, lead and sulfur oxides, which are harmful to human health and are also harmful to the environment in which people live. influences. In recent years, lithium-ion battery technology has made important breakthroughs, and new energy vehicles have entered a period of rapid development. my country has become the world's largest producer, consumer and exporter of lithium-ion batteries. It is estimated that the demand for power lithium-ion batteries will reach 125Gwh in 2020, and the amount of scrap will reach 2.2Gwh, about 50...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Patents(China)
IPC IPC(8): C22B7/00C22B5/14C22B26/12C22B47/00C22B23/00C22B15/00
CPCC22B5/14C22B7/001C22B7/006C22B7/007C22B15/0067C22B23/0415C22B26/12C22B47/0063Y02P10/20
Inventor 范川林朱庆山杨海涛
Owner INST OF PROCESS ENG CHINESE ACAD OF SCI
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