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Multifunctional corn straw and biochar composite fertilizer for repairing soil cadmium pollution, and preparation method thereof

A technology of corn stalks and compound fertilizers, applied in carbon preparation/purification, fertilizer mixtures, phosphate fertilizers, etc., can solve problems such as low fertility and unstable passivation effect of heavy metals in soil, improve soil biological fertility and overcome high costs High input issues, effects on promoting growth and nutrient uptake

Active Publication Date: 2019-09-27
HENAN UNIVERSITY
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0006] In order to solve the problems of low fertility of ordinary biochar and unstable soil heavy metal passivation effect in the prior art, the present invention provides a method that not only considers the passivation repair effect of cadmium pollution in farmland soil, but also realizes straw returning to the field and its resource utilization; Biochar compound fertilizer that also has fertilizer performance and is relatively cost-effective and preparation method thereof

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  • Multifunctional corn straw and biochar composite fertilizer for repairing soil cadmium pollution, and preparation method thereof
  • Multifunctional corn straw and biochar composite fertilizer for repairing soil cadmium pollution, and preparation method thereof
  • Multifunctional corn straw and biochar composite fertilizer for repairing soil cadmium pollution, and preparation method thereof

Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0045] A kind of multi-efficiency corn stalk biochar compound fertilizer for repairing soil cadmium pollution of the present embodiment comprises the following steps:

[0046] Step 1: First, collect the corn stalks in batches in the field. After the collection, cut the corn stalks into small pieces of about 5 cm, and dry them in a temperature-controlled oven at 60° C. for 24 hours. The dried corn stalks were placed in a plant micro grinder and pulverized into particles with a diameter of about 2 mm.

[0047] Step 2: Add the air-dried and pulverized corn stalks, heavy superphosphate and diatomaceous earth into the micro-mixer according to the weight ratio of 5:1:1 and 10:1:1 respectively, mix them thoroughly for 5 minutes, and take them out for later use. Among them, the corn stalks used were collected from the farmland in the suburbs of Kaifeng, Henan; the calcium superphosphate used was purchased from Yunnan Yuntianhua International Chemical Co., Ltd. 2 o 5 ) content ≥ 46.0...

Embodiment 2

[0054] In this embodiment, a single corn stalk is pyrolyzed to prepare a biochar fertilizer, which includes the following steps:

[0055]Step 1: First, collect the corn stalks in batches in the field. After the collection, cut the corn stalks into small pieces of about 5 cm, and dry them in a temperature-controlled oven at 60° C. for 24 hours.

[0056] Step 2: The dried corn stalks are placed in a plant micro grinder and pulverized into granular raw materials with a diameter of about 2mm, and then put into jars and sealed for later use. Among them, the corn stalks used were collected from farmland in the suburbs of Kaifeng, Henan.

[0057] Step 3: Put the single corn stalk raw material in step 2 into a tube furnace for high-temperature pyrolysis. 2 Under a protective atmosphere, composite biochar materials were prepared through different pyrolysis temperatures (300°C, 450°C, 600°C), which were marked as B 3 , B 4.5 and B 6 .

[0058] Specifically: Open the stainless steel...

Embodiment 3

[0062] Measure the specific surface area, average pore size, total pore volume and surface functional group characteristics of the biochar composite fertilizer prepared in Example 1 and the single biochar prepared in Example 2, see Table 1, figure 1 , microstructure scanning energy spectrum, see figure 2 , see the pore size distribution for details image 3 , see the adsorption-desorption isotherm for details Figure 4 , the element contents are shown in Table 2. Among them, Fourier transform infrared spectrometer was used to analyze the surface functional groups, SEM-EDS (field emission scanning electron microscope energy spectrometer) was used to analyze the microstructure and element content, and the specific surface and porosity analyzer was used to analyze the adsorption-desorption of the prepared materials. Isotherms and pore size distributions.

[0063] Table 1 The specific surface area, average pore diameter and total pore volume of single biochar and biochar compo...

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Abstract

The invention relates to a multifunctional corn straw and biochar composite fertilizer for repairing soil cadmium pollution. The composite fertilizer is prepared from, by weight, 10 parts of a composite fertilizer raw material and 1 part of kaolin; the composite fertilizer raw material is prepared from, by weight, 4 parts of a composite biochar material and 1 part of urea; and the composite biochar material is prepared from, by weight, 5-10 parts of corn straws, 1 part of calcium biphosphate and 1 part of diatomite. The preparation method comprises the following steps: drying and crushing the corn straws; uniformly mixing the corn straws, calcium biphosphate and diatomite in proportion to obtain a mixed powder; performing the high temperature pyrolysis on the mixed powder to obtain the composite biochar material; mixing the obtained composite biochar material obtained by the high temperature pyrolysis with urea in proportion to obtain the composite fertilizer raw material; baking the composite fertilizer raw material; and adding the baked composite fertilizer raw material to the kaolin to prepare the granular composite fertilizer. The composite fertilizer has good adsorption and passivation properties for heavy metal cadmium in soil, and has a good fertility function.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the field of remediation and improvement of heavy metal pollution in farmland soil, and in particular relates to a multi-efficiency corn stalk biochar compound fertilizer for remediating soil cadmium pollution and a preparation method thereof. Background technique [0002] The United Nations Environment Program clearly listed cadmium as an important agricultural environmental pollutant in 1984. The development and utilization of mineral resources, the random application of various chemical products, chemical fertilizers, pesticides, and many human activities such as sewage irrigation have led to a large amount of heavy metals such as Cd entering the soil, making soil pollution more and more serious. In 2014, the National Soil Pollution Survey Bulletin released by the Ministry of Environmental Protection and the Ministry of Land and Resources showed that the national soil cadmium point exceeding the standard rate reached 7.0%. ...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): C05G3/04C01B32/05C05G3/80
CPCC01B32/05C05B1/02C05G3/80C05C9/00C05D9/00
Inventor 陈志凡魏张东裴锦程徐薇化艳旭
Owner HENAN UNIVERSITY
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