The invention relates to a multimode image based surgical operation navigation system which comprises a preoperative image acquisition device, an ultrasonic scanning device, a multimode image registration device, an integrated endoscopic device and a postoperative evaluation device. The preoperative image acquisition device acquires a three-dimensional image, the ultrasonic scanning device acquires an ultrasonic image in real time, the multimode image registration device registers the three-dimensional image with the ultrasonic image to obtain a registered image, the integrated endoscopic device acquires current image information of an operational position during operation, and the multimode image registration device fuses the registered image and the current image information to obtain a fused image. The preoperative three-dimensional image, the intraoperative ultrasonic image and the intraoperative current image are fused, therefore, real-time image information which is accurate, reliable and rich in information content can be provided for doctors; meanwhile, by the aid of the postoperative evaluation device, bases are provided for subsequent disease diagnosis, tracking or operation implementation.