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Stripped polystyrene-clay nano-composite material containing star polymer

A technology of nanocomposite materials and star polymers, applied in nanotechnology, nanotechnology, nanotechnology, etc. for materials and surface science, can solve problems that are not commercially or economically viable, phase separation, and morphological variation

Inactive Publication Date: 2006-05-17
EASTMAN KODAK CO
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

The latter approach is more feasible industrially, but increasing the fraction of polar units in nonpolar polymers may lead to undesired morphological variations such as phase separation
Thus, complete exfoliation of organoclays in nonpolar homopolymers is not yet commercially or economically viable on a large scale.

Method used

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  • Stripped polystyrene-clay nano-composite material containing star polymer
  • Stripped polystyrene-clay nano-composite material containing star polymer
  • Stripped polystyrene-clay nano-composite material containing star polymer

Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0086] This example illustrates the preparation of a pentafunctional initiator having the following structure:

[0087]

[0088] Initiator I

[0089]This compound is used to form the macromolecular core of the five-armed star polymer used in the compositions of the present invention by the following procedure.

[0090] Synthesis of 1-phenyl-1-octene:

[0091] A mixture of 95.0 g (0.466 mol) of iodobenzene, 100 mL of piperidine, and 400 mL of acetonitrile was degassed by bubbling nitrogen gas for 30 minutes. Bis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(II) chloride (3.27 g, 0.0047 mol) and copper(I) iodide (0.44 g, 0.0023 mol) were added and the mixture was mechanically stirred for 15 min while bubbling continued. Likewise, compound 1-octyne (56.4 g, 0.512 mol) was degassed separately and then added to the stirred reaction mixture at room temperature under nitrogen. The resulting mixture was mechanically stirred and warmed at 65 °C for 24 h, during which time it ch...

Embodiment 2

[0099] A decafunctional initiator having the following structure for forming the macromolecular core of the ten-armed star polymer for use in the compositions of the present invention was next prepared:

[0100]

[0101] Initiator II

[0102] The following steps are involved in the preparation of this initiator:

[0103] Synthesis of 4,4'-bis(phenylethynyl)biphenyl

[0104] A mixture of 12.0 g (0.030 mol) of 4,4'-diiodobiphenyl, 150 mL of piperidine, and 200 mL of acetonitrile was degassed by bubbling argon, then 0.40 g (0.6 mmol) of bis(triphenyl Phosphine) palladium dichloride and 0.25 g (1.3 mmol) of copper (I) iodide. To the resulting stirred solution was added via syringe 6.04 g (0.059 mol) of phenylacetylene at room temperature. The reaction mixture was kept at room temperature for 30 min, then heated at 60 °C for 3 h. The precipitated product was collected by filtration of the cooled reaction mixture and washed successively with acetonitrile ...

Embodiment 4

[0119] This example illustrates a general polymerization scheme for linear or star polymers.

[0120] Synthesis of linear or star polymers:

[0121]A flask was charged with the appropriate initiator (1 eq), copper (I) chloride (1 eq), 2,2'-bipyridine (2 eq), and monomer (150-9000 eq). Diphenyl ether is optionally added in an amount approximately equal to the weight of the monomers. The reaction mixture was evacuated and refilled with nitrogen five times. The reaction mixture was stirred at a temperature range of 80-120 °C for 18-72 h. The brown reaction mixture was diluted with tetrahydrofuran (THF) and passed through a short column of silica gel. The eluate was treated with DOWEX MSC macroporous ion exchange resin for 15 min and filtered. The solvent was evaporated under reduced pressure to give a viscous liquid which was poured into excess methanol to precipitate the polymer as a white solid. The product was collected and dried in a vacuum oven. The polymer passes 1 H...

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Abstract

Nanocomposites made with inorganic layered materials and star polystyrene are disclosed, which can be blended with conventional linear polystyrene. The inorganic layered material may have an exfoliated structure, a substantially exfoliated or an intercalated structure. The exfoliated structure can lead to a significant improvement in physical properties, even with very low levels of clay. The present invention also relates to methods that can be used to produce the compositions of the present invention. In one embodiment, a physical mixture of clay and star polymer is prepared, and the mixture is then heated for several hours, preferably under high shear mixing, to increase the rate of exfoliation, after which inexpensive commercial linear polystyrene polymer is added. to obtain a composition.

Description

technical field [0001] The present invention relates to exfoliated or intercalated polymer-clay nanocomposite compositions comprising star polymers and methods for the preparation of such compositions. Background technique [0002] Since the discovery of exfoliated nylon / clay nanocomposites by Usuki et al. (J. Mater. Res. 1993, 8, 1174), a great deal of work has been done to prepare various polymer-clay composites. Such materials are expected to have new and improved properties compared to polymeric materials alone. Such improved properties include mechanical properties, thermal properties and barrier properties. See, eg, M.Alexandre and P.Dubois, Mater.Sci.Eng. 2000, 28, 1; and T.J.Pinnavaia and G.W.Beall, Polymer-Clay Nanocomposites, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd . New York, 2000, pp. 195-226. [0003] It has been found that the addition of small amounts of clay greatly increases the modulus, strength, gas barrier properties and heat deflection temperature of the polymer. In ...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Patents(China)
IPC IPC(8): C08K3/34C08L25/06C08L25/04C08K7/00C08K9/04
CPCB82Y30/00C08K9/04C08L25/06C08L2205/02Y10S977/788Y10S977/847Y10S977/778Y10S977/712Y10S977/844C08L2666/04
Inventor D·R·罗贝洛N·亚马古基T·N·布兰顿C·L·巴尼斯
Owner EASTMAN KODAK CO
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