Efficient laser additive manufacturing method based on wire thermal conductivity welding

Abstract

The invention discloses an efficient laser additive manufacturing method based on wire thermal conductivity welding, and belongs to the field of laser material machining. The method is characterized in that the action position of a laser beam and a rear wire is located above a molten pool; a wire material is melted in a heat conduction welding mode to form molten drops, a base material below the molten drops is preheated by reflected light of the wire material, and meanwhile, metallurgical connection is performed between the molten drops and the base material; and metal parts of various structures are manufactured through ascending and descending of a workbench or a laser head according to a point-line-plane-body route. Compared with a three-dimensional heat transfer type laser additive manufacturing method, the method adopts the laser melting wire located above the molten pool, which belongs to one-dimensional heat transfer, the heat conduction loss of the material can be greatly reduced, the melting efficiency is improved, on the other hand, the preheating of the base material by the reflected light can promote spreading of the molten drops on the base material, and the utilization rate of laser energy is further increased, in addition, the disturbance of violent evaporated steam of the material can be avoided by adopting the heat conduction welding mode, the stability of theadditive manufacturing process is improved, and splashing particles and air holes are prevented from being formed.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a wire-feeding additive manufacturing method, which belongs to the field of laser material processing, and in particular to an efficient laser additive manufacturing method. Background technique [0002] Laser additive manufacturing technology is a special processing technology that has developed rapidly in the past 30 years. Compared with traditional precision casting and large-scale forging, laser additive manufacturing technology can produce products with complex structures with its unique green energy-laser, assisted by computer design (CAD / CAM), on the basis of efficient use of raw materials The processing cycle is greatly shortened. The materials used in laser additive manufacturing are divided into two types: powder and wire. The additive manufacturing technology using wire as material has the advantages of high deposition rate, uniform composition, and high density. [0003] For wire-fed additive manufacturing, the st...

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Problems solved by technology

However, the deep melting mode of the laser beam on the wire leads to the disturbance of the violent evaporation of the material, so problems such as poor stability of the additive manufacturing process, many splashed particles and narrow process window are introduced.

In order to overcome the above problems, the present invention proposes a high-efficiency laser additive manufacturing method based on wire heat conduction welding. This method can avoid the problem of large laser energy loss due to heat conduction introduced by three-dimensional heat transfer, and can avoid Problems such as poor stability of the welding process, many small pores and many spatter particles are prone to occur, and have no negative impact on the flexibility of the traditional wire-feed laser additive manufacturing technology

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