Catalyst for fuel cell and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a catalyst for a fuel cell and a preparation method of the catalyst. The catalyst is a nitrogen-hybridized carbon-based catalytic material containing one or more metals. The catalyst is an M-NC single-metal nitrogen-carbon catalyst, a double-metal nitrogen-carbon catalyst or a multi-metal nitrogen-carbon catalyst, wherein M is one or more of metal elements. The catalyst isof a large-volume pore structure, has excellent gas and electron conductivity, high graphitization degree and nitrogen content, large specific surface area, multiple active sites, uniform distribution, high activity and strong stability, has the advantages of high catalytic activity, long service life and low comprehensive cost, and can be used for proton exchange membrane fuel cells and direct alcohol fuel cells. In addition, the preparation method is simple in process, controllable in operation, mild in condition, environmentally friendly and high in universality, no solvent is used in the synthesis process, various raw materials are subjected to a solid-phase thermal reaction to directly form a precursor and then are carbonized, the raw material cost is low, and the utilization rate ishigh.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a fuel cell catalyst, in particular to a fuel cell catalyst and a preparation method thereof. Background technique [0002] The storage, conversion and utilization of clean energy is the key to solving current energy and environmental problems. Among them, hydrogen energy and fuel cell technology is a solution with great potential and an important part of building a clean energy society. Its research and development have attracted more and more attention and attention. Fuel cell technology is a device that directly converts chemical energy into electrical energy. It has the advantages of rich and diverse fuel sources, high energy conversion efficiency, little impact on the environment, zero or low emissions, and simple structure and strong operability. A new type of energy technology most likely to be popularized on a large scale. Among them, proton exchange membrane fuel cells and direct alcohol fuel cells have the advantage...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

Chinese patent CN109830702A discloses "a fuel cell catalyst and its preparation method and application". This technology adopts ethylene glycol solvothermal method, uses platinum acetylacetonate and nickel acetylacetonate as raw materials, and sodium borohydride as reducing agent to prepare high Loading and high activity carbon-supported platinum-nickel alloy catalysts, but this method has high raw material costs, cumbersome synthesis process, and poor catalyst stability

Chinese patent CN109713327A discloses a method of pyrolyzing aromatic nitrile compounds and metal oxides in the presence of Lewis acids in an inert atmosphere to obtain nitrogen-doped nano-metal particles with good catalytic activity, methanol resistance and stability. Nitrogen-carbon catalyst method, but its catalytic activity has a big gap with commercial platinum carbon

At present, although this type of catalyst has a certain catalytic activity, it has the problems of complicated preparation methods, large environmental pollution, and poor scalability of the preparation process.

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