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High-capacity potassium-oxygen battery

An oxygen battery, high-capacity technology, applied in the direction of fuel cell half-cells and primary battery-type half-cells, can solve the problems of limiting battery capacity and energy efficiency, limiting battery cycle life, and promoting electrolyte decomposition, etc., to achieve Inhibition of surface side reactions, good practical value, and small charge and discharge overpotential effects

Active Publication Date: 2018-09-28
东北大学秦皇岛分校
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

Due to the asymmetry of the reaction mechanism and the discharge product Li 2 o 2 The low conductivity of the lithium-oxygen battery makes the overpotential of the lithium-oxygen battery very large (the discharge overpotential is about 0.3V, and the charging overpotential is 1-1.5V), which limits the battery capacity and energy efficiency (<60%)
Currently Li-O 2 The focus of battery research is to use catalysts to reduce the overpotential of batteries, but catalysts will catalyze side reactions to a certain extent, promote the decomposition of electrolyte, and cause the reaction to terminate
In addition, the electrolyte and carbon electrodes are easily decomposed under high charging potential (>3.5V), which limits the battery cycle life

Method used

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Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0040] 1. Assembly of potassium-oxygen battery

[0041]The positive electrode of the potassium-oxygen battery is carbon paper (Toray TGP-H-60), the negative electrode is metal potassium sheet, and the electrolyte is 1mol / L KPF 6 / Diethylene glycol dimethyl ether solution, the diaphragm is a glass fiber diaphragm (WhatmanGF / D), and a piece of nickel foam is added as a shrapnel to meet the needs of the battery thickness, and assembled into a CR2025 button battery with oxygen diffusion holes, which will be assembled The CR2025 button battery is charged and discharged in a test device with an oxygen pressure of 1atm.

[0042] 2. Battery charge and discharge test

[0043] The charge and discharge cut-off voltage is 2V ~ 3V, and the charge and discharge current density is 0.1mA / m 2 , see the charging and discharging results figure 1 . Depend on figure 1 It can be seen from the first charge and discharge that when carbon paper is used as the electrode material, the overpotential...

Embodiment 2

[0047] 1. Preparation of Oxygen Cathode

[0048] SuperP was vacuum baked at 120°C for 8 hours, PTFE with a concentration of 5% (the solvent was water), the ratio of SuperP and PTEF was 9:1, and an appropriate amount of ethanol was added to stir it into a viscous shape, and evenly coated on the carbon paper. After baking at 80°C for 8 hours, punch it into round pole pieces , vacuum-baked at 120° C. for 8 hours, and moved into a glove box for later use.

[0049] 2. Assembly of potassium-oxygen battery

[0050] The SuperP electrode prepared in the first part is the positive electrode of the potassium-oxygen battery, the metal potassium is the negative electrode, and the electrolyte is 1mol / L KPF 6 / Diethylene glycol dimethyl ether solution, the diaphragm is a glass fiber diaphragm (WhatmanGF / D), and a piece of nickel foam is added as a shrapnel, assembled into a CR2025 button battery with oxygen diffusion holes, and the CR2025 button battery is put into oxygen pressure Charge...

Embodiment 3

[0057] 1. Preparation of Oxygen Cathode

[0058] SuperP is vacuum baked at 120°C for 8 hours, and PTFE with a concentration of 5% (the solvent is water) is added. The ratio of SuperP and PTEF is 9:1. Add an appropriate amount of ethanol and stir it into a viscous shape, and evenly coat it on the nickel foam. After baking at 80°C for 8 hours, punch it into round pole pieces , vacuum-baked at 120° C. for 8 hours, and moved into a glove box for later use.

[0059] 2. Assembly of potassium-oxygen battery

[0060] The SuperP electrode prepared in the first part is the positive electrode of the potassium-oxygen battery, the metal potassium is the negative electrode, and the electrolyte is 1mol / L KPF 6 / diethylene glycol dimethyl ether solution, the diaphragm is a glass fiber diaphragm (WhatmanGF / D), and a piece of nickel foam is added as a shrapnel to assemble a CR2025 button battery with oxygen diffusion holes. Put the assembled CR2025 button battery with oxygen diffusion holes...

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Abstract

The invention discloses a high-capacity potassium-oxygen battery, the high-capacity potassium-oxygen battery comprises metal potassium used as a cathode, diaphragms orderly superposed for isolating the cathode and an oxygen anode, the oxygen anode and a foam nickel leaf spring, wherein space between the anode and the cathode is fully filled with electrolyte. The oxygen anode comprises a gas dispersion layer and a conductive layer coating, oxygen is used as an anode active material, and the conductive material coating is deposited on a surface of the gas dispersion layer. For the potassium-oxygen battery provided by the invention, specific discharge capacity is up to 2505mAh / g, and charging and discharging overpotential is very small (current density is 0.1mA / m2, only 50mV), and reducing the overpotential with catalyst is not needed. The high-capacity potassium-oxygen battery provided by the invention fills a vacancy in the technical field of the potassium-oxygen battery, expands the research field of air batteries, has excellent overall electrochemical performance and has better practical value.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of battery preparation, in particular to a high-capacity potassium-oxygen battery. technical background [0002] With the continuous advancement of science and technology and the increasing development of various electrical equipment, secondary batteries have gradually been unable to meet the increasing performance requirements of electrical equipment for power sources, especially in terms of specific energy and energy efficiency. The positive electrode of the metal-air battery uses oxygen in the air, which is supplied by the outside air, and it does not need to be carried, and it is inexhaustible; the negative electrode uses a metal element with a high electrochemical equivalent, which has excellent specific energy characteristics and requires no maintenance. Concerned about the energy conversion system. [0003] Among them, Li-O 2 The battery has attracted widespread attention of researchers due to its h...

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): H01M12/06
CPCH01M12/06
Inventor 王志远罗绍华来嘉敏王丹王庆张亚辉刘延国郝爱民
Owner 东北大学秦皇岛分校
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