Biological fertilizer capable of restoring heavy metal contaminated soil and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention specifically relates to a biological fertilizer capable of restoring heavy metal contaminated soil and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of agricultural fertilizers. The biological fertilizer comprises the following raw materials by weight: 10 to 50% of a seaweed organic fertilizer, 10 to 50% of illite powder and 10 to 50% of humic acid powder. According to the invention, fertilizers like a nitrogen, phosphorus or potassium fertilizer or a medium trace element fertilizer can be added into the biological fertilizer capable of restoring the heavy metal contaminated soil, and frequently used binders in the field of fertilizer may be crushed and added into the biological fertilizer so as to prepare a multifunctional granular fertilizer through conventional granulation; the biological fertilizer provided by the invention has the advantages of usage of widely-available raw materials, simple production process, low equipment investment and low cost and is a functional biological organic fertilizer with significant effect on restoring the heavy metal contaminated soil; and while the biological fertilizer is normally applied as an organic fertilizer for nutrient supply, the biological fertilizer has the functions of passivating heavy metals in soil and restoring contaminated soil, is applicable to various types of soil, has significant effects and can be applied for a long time.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural fertilizers, in particular to a biological fertilizer capable of repairing heavy metal polluted soil and a preparation method thereof. Background technique [0002] Heavy metal pollution of the soil (heavy metal pollution of the soil) means that due to human activities, the content of trace metal elements in the soil in the soil exceeds the background value, and the excessive content caused by excessive deposition is collectively referred to as soil heavy metal pollution; among them, heavy metals Refers to metals with a specific gravity equal to or greater than 5.0, such as Fe, Mn, Zn, Cd, Hg, Ni, Co, etc.; As is a metalloid, because its chemical properties and environmental behavior are similar to heavy metals, so it will be It is included in the scope of heavy metals; heavy metal hazards mainly include affecting the development of plant roots and leaves; destroying the human nervous system,...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

According to the survey, some soil conditioners that have the effect of passivating the activity of heavy metals in soil have been developed and produced on the market. There are two types of technical products for passivating the activity of heavy metals and repairing heavy metal pollution in soil, and both methods and technologies have Certain defects are described in detail as follows: (1) Select crops that have the function of absorbing and enriching heavy metals for planting: some soil cultivated land or local climate may not be suitable for absorbing and enriching crop varieties of heavy metals; in addition, crops that are enriched in a large amount of heavy metals (2) The soil conditioner with adsorption and passivation heavy metal effect has certain effect, but in general, each type of soil conditioner is only applicable to certain specific soils, and cannot be used for a long time. Otherwise, it will lead to over-correction and is not conducive to crop growth; in addition, general soil conditioners basically have no fertilizer effect, although the materials used have the effect of passivating heavy metals, but the large amount of some materials will cause another kind of harm to the soil

For example: (1) Patent 201510014441.1 is a soil heavy metal stabilizer. The components of the invention are: activated biochar and sodium dithiocarbamate derivative solution, but the activated carbon activation process is cumbersome and costly; It is a chemical substance, the cost is high, and long-term application will cause another kind of pollution to the soil, and it does not have the effect of fertilizer; (2) Patent 201310366731.3 A preparation method of a heavy metal-contaminated soil repair material, the preparation method of the invention is to modify the straw, The specific process includes straw cleaning, crushing, organic acid treatment, and organic amine treatment. Improper handling of liquid can cause environmental pollution

Does not have fertilizer effect; (3) patent 200910300416.4 a heavy metal passivator for facility vegetable field soil and its preparation method, the invention has the advantages of relatively simple preparation process, small equipment investment and wide source of raw materials; but the passivator is simple Most of the raw materials are inorganic substances, and they are only mechanically mixed, the passivation effect is limited, and there is no effect of providing nutrients and organic matter; (4) patent 201610363037.X sludge biochar for heavy metal contaminated soil restoration and its preparation method, the technical equipment and process are complex, high-temperature pyrolysis requires specific equipment and fuel, consumes a lot of energy, and mainly treats municipal sludge, and the source of raw materials is limited; (5) Patent 201410097947.9 A kind of ectopic passivation of cadmium, The technology of various heavy metals such as lead, chromium, the source of the humic activated sludge that the present invention adopts is limited, improper processing easily has unpleasant smell and easily causes pollution; Research finds, still does not still have to be suitable for most soils on the market at present, has Significantly reduce the activity of heavy metals, reduce the pollution of heavy metals to soil and crops, restore the function of soil polluted by heavy metals, and provide nutrients for fertilizer products

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