Preparation method and application of low-cost hollow carbon sphere-based oxygen reducing catalyst

Abstract

The invention provides a preparation method for a low-cost hollow carbon sphere-based oxygen reducing catalyst and a hollow carbon call of a catalyst which is loaded with uniformly dispersed transition metal oxide nano-particles. The preparation method for a transition metal oxide-loaded hollow carbon sphere oxygen reducing catalyst comprises the following steps: (1) weighing a suitable amount of a template agent and a transition metal cation salt, and synthesizing a transition metal oxide-loaded hollow polymer sphere precursor by adopting a hydrothermal reaction; (2) sintering the hollow polymer sphere precursor which is obtained in the step (1) for a period of time in a sintering device in the atmosphere of inert gas, naturally cooling to room temperature, and preserving for a suitable time at the room temperature to obtain a transition metal oxide nano-particles-loaded hollow carbon sphere oxygen reducing catalyst. The preparation method provided by the invention is simple and easy to operate; moreover, the raw materials are low in cost and are helpful to realize industrial application thereof.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the field of environmental engineering, and specifically relates to the preparation of a hollow carbon sphere-based oxygen reduction catalyst, in particular to the preparation and application of a hollow carbon sphere catalyst loaded with a transition metal oxide for catalyzing oxygen reduction. Background technique [0002] At present, with the continuous deterioration of the global environment, people have begun to pay attention to new clean energy sources such as fuel cells, solar cells and lithium batteries, so as to realize the sustainable development of human beings. In recent years, the frequent occurrence of smog in China has aroused the common concern of all walks of life on motor vehicle exhaust emissions and fossil fuel combustion, making fuel cell electric vehicles once again become a research and development hotspot in the field of new energy vehicles in the world. Among the various types of fuel cells, proton exch...

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Problems solved by technology

However, the preparation of the above-mentioned catalysts has the following problems: (1) the carbon materials used such as graphene and carbon nanotubes need to be prepared in advance, and its synthesis procedure is relatively complicated; (2) when anchoring metal oxides on the carbon materials, it is necessary to use oxidation The method pretreats various carbon materials such as graphene and carbon nanotubes to generate various oxygen-containing groups as metal oxide anchor sites, thereby improving the interaction force between metal oxides and graphene or carbon nanotubes; This makes the preparation process of composite materials more cumbersome, time-consuming, high cost, and difficult to industrialized production

However, the problem is that the use of negatively charged PtCl 4 2- As a noble metal precursor ion, there is an electrostatic repulsion between this and the negatively charged carboxyl-functionalized carbon sphere precursor, which leads to a certain agglomeration of the noble metal catalyst particles loaded in the empty shell carbon spheres prepared by this method, so that in a certain reduced its catalytic activity

However, if only the negatively charged coordination salt is replaced by the positively charged transition M n+ The electrostatic attraction between metal ions, negatively charged carboxyl groups and positively charged transition metal ions can weaken the tendency of the prepared particles to agglomerate to a certain extent, but it still cannot fundamentally prevent the occurrence of agglomeration

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