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Polyantimonic acid/polyacrylonitrile composite ion exchanger and its preparation method and application

A technology of polyacrylonitrile and composite ions, which is applied in chemical instruments and methods, other chemical processes, nuclear engineering, etc., and can solve problems such as fragility, low practical value of organic resins, and poor safety

Active Publication Date: 2020-10-23
SHANGHAI INST OF APPLIED PHYSICS - CHINESE ACAD OF SCI
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

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Problems solved by technology

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the complex operation, intermittent operation, high labor intensity and poor safety in the chemical precipitation method in the prior art. Large-scale processing, and the practical value of organic resin in the ion exchanger method is not great, and the single inorganic ion exchanger has difficulty in forming or irregular particles, easy to break, poor hydraulic properties, and the existing composite ion containing polyantimonic acid The defect that the exchanger has a small adsorption capacity for strontium provides a polyantimonic acid / polyacrylonitrile composite ion exchanger and its preparation method and application

Method used

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  • Polyantimonic acid/polyacrylonitrile composite ion exchanger and its preparation method and application
  • Polyantimonic acid/polyacrylonitrile composite ion exchanger and its preparation method and application
  • Polyantimonic acid/polyacrylonitrile composite ion exchanger and its preparation method and application

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preparation example Construction

[0040] The preparation method of polyantimonic acid particles in the following examples is as follows:

[0041] ①Add 50g of antimony trichloride solid to 40mL of concentrated nitric acid solution, age for 6 days, and form a white sol; ②Add ammonia water to adjust the pH to 9, add 100mL of deionized water to hydrolyze to form a white precipitate, centrifuge, and dry at 70°C Dry for 24 hours; ③ use 0.1mol / L HNO 3 After rinsing for 3 times, rinse with deionized water again, and then centrifuge and wash with deionized water for 4 times until the pH of the supernatant of the centrifugal precipitation is 5; ④Dry the precipitate at 80°C, grind the dried precipitate Grind and sieve into 60-150 mesh polyantimony acid particles.

Embodiment 1

[0043] (1) Take the above 10g of polyantimonic acid particles and add them to a 150mL three-neck round bottom flask, then add 40mL of dimethyl sulfoxide and 0.3g of Tween-80, and stir at 60°C for 1 hour to obtain a mixed solution;

[0044] (2) Stir the mixed solution and 4g of polyacrylonitrile at 50°C for 5h and mix evenly to obtain a uniform white emulsion;

[0045] (3) Bring the emulsion into the nozzle with a peristaltic pump at a flow rate of 10mL / m, drop it into deionized water with a rotation speed of 250r / min to prepare spherical particles, then wash with deionized water three times, and dry at 50°C for 18h. A spherical polyantimonic acid / polyacrylonitrile composite ion exchanger was obtained.

Embodiment 2

[0047] (1) Take the above 10g of polyantimonic acid particles and add them to a 150mL three-neck round bottom flask, then add 40mL of dimethyl sulfoxide and 0.3g of Tween-80, and stir at 50°C for 2h to obtain a mixture;

[0048] (2) Stir the mixed solution and 4 g of polyacrylonitrile at 50° C. for 5 h and mix evenly to obtain a uniform white emulsion;

[0049] (3) Bring the emulsion into the nozzle with a peristaltic pump at a flow rate of 12mL / m, drop it into deionized water with a rotation speed of 300r / min to prepare spherical particles, then wash with deionized water 4 times, and dry at 60°C for 24h. A spherical polyantimonic acid / polyacrylonitrile composite ion exchanger was obtained.

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Abstract

The invention discloses a polyantimonic acid / polyacrylonitrile composite ion exchanger and its preparation method and use. The preparation method comprises 1, uniformly mixing polyantimonic acid, a solvent and an emulsifier at a temperature of 40-70 DEG C to obtain a mixed solution, 2, uniformly mixing the mixed solution and polyacrylonitrile at a temperature of 40-70 DEG C according to a mass ratio of polyantimonic acid to polyacrylonitrile of 1: (0.15-1.5) to obtain an emulsion, and 3, putting the emulsion into a gelation agent to obtain spherical particles and carrying out washing and drying. The preparation method utilizes easily available raw materials, realizes a low cost, has mild reaction conditions and has simple processes. The composite ion exchanger greatly improves physical and chemical properties such as irradiation resistance, acid resistance, good mechanical strength, hydrophily, porosity, mechanical strength and an exchange rate, has high Sr<2+> adsorptive selectivity and has an adsorption capacity of 49mg / g.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a polyantimonic acid / polyacrylonitrile composite ion exchanger and its preparation method and application. Background technique [0002] While nuclear energy has made great contributions to mankind, it also produces a large amount of radioactive waste, which poses direct or potential dangers to human health and the ecological environment. In order to realize the sustainable development of nuclear energy, long-lived nuclides should be separated and recovered from spent fuel or high-level liquid waste (HLLW). In addition to long-lived nuclides, cesium ( 137 Cs)(t 1 / 2 =30.02a,E γ =661KeV) and strontium ( 90 Sr)(t 1 / 2 =28.79a,E β =546KeV) has a high calorific value and high radioactive intensity, which have a significant impact on the solidification treatment and geological disposal of HLLW. radionuclide 90 Sr is pure beta - emitter, and its decay daughters 90 Y is also essentially pure beta - Emitter. therefore 90 Sr ...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Patents(China)
IPC IPC(8): B01J20/26B01J20/30G21F9/12
Inventor 张岚马付银李峥史万龙
Owner SHANGHAI INST OF APPLIED PHYSICS - CHINESE ACAD OF SCI
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