All-solid-state lithium-air battery and preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses an all-solid-state lithium-air battery and a preparation method and application thereof. The all-solid-state lithium-air battery provided by the invention comprises a lithium metal anode, a porous ceramic support body, a compact electrolyte thin film, a porous cathode thin film, a sealing material, a current collector and a lead, wherein the porous support body is made of garnet type lithium-ion solid electrolyte material; in an air electrode catalyst and permeation holes of the lithium metal anode, a three-phase boundary for battery reaction is expanded, and the battery polarization resistance is reduced; the thickness of the battery electrolyte thin film is smaller than 30 micrometers, a lithium ion transmission path is shortened, and the battery ohmic resistance is reduced; and the battery is a tubular structure with a closed end, the lithium metal anode is poured into a tube, and the battery is easy to seal and is easy to work in different conditions. The all-solid-state lithium-air battery prepared according to the invention has the advantages of high charging-discharging capacity, high rate performance, high cycle stability, wide working temperature range and the like, and is applicable to the field of various mobile electronic devices and power batteries.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a lithium-air battery, in particular to an all-solid lithium-air battery and its preparation method and application, belonging to the field of high-performance chemical power sources. Background technique [0002] At present, the main source of power for small and medium-sized cars is the combustion of diesel and gasoline. However, with the depletion of oil resources and the deterioration of environmental problems, people urgently need to find a green energy alternative. Among the many green energy alternatives at present, lithium-ion batteries have rapidly replaced lead-acid, nickel-cadmium, and nickel-metal hydride in recent years due to their relatively high energy density, good rate performance, cycle stability, and no memory effect. Batteries have become the most popular high-energy power batteries in the electric vehicle market. [0003] A lithium-air battery is a battery that uses oxygen as the positive electrode active...

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Problems solved by technology

[0005] The prior art reports a solid-state lithium-air battery based on phosphate solid electrolytes, but all use phosphate solid electrolyte materials with a NASICON structure, such as Li 1.3 Al 0.3 Ti 1.7 (PO 4 ) 3 (LATP) and Li 1+x Al y Ge 2-x (PO 4 ) 3 (LAGP), this type of solid electrolyte material is unstable and easily reacts with the lithium metal anode; therefore, in these reported solid lithium-air batteries, it is necessary to place a saturated liquid between the lithium metal anode and the solid electrolyte. The diaphragm material of the organic electrolyte, on the one hand, increases the lithium ion transmission path when the battery is working; on the other hand, the use of the organic electrolyte still inevitably brings about the safety of the battery, and the battery cannot be called an all-solid lithium battery. - air battery

The garnet-type oxide lithium-ion solid electrolyte has high lithium-ion conductivity, and its conductivity and sintering performance can be improved by doping; but the current research on the garnet-type oxide lithium-ion solid electrolyte mainly focuses on material preparation, There are no reports on the use of it to make all-solid-state lithium-air battery devices in terms of basic performance improvement and lithium ion transfer mechanism.

In addition, the existing solid-state lithium-air batteries are all button-type, and the physical contact between the lithium metal anode, the air electrode and the solid-state electrolyte is purely achieved by extrusion. The battery assembled in this way has a large contact resistance, and the battery During the reaction, lithium ions and oxygen negative ions are only transferred at the layer-to-layer contact surface, and the battery polarization resistance is also relatively large.

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