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Methods of robust and efficient conversion of cellular lipids to biofuels

A cell and biomass technology, applied in the field of sufficient and efficient conversion of cell lipids to biofuels

Inactive Publication Date: 2009-12-23
BIOFUELBOX
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0007] [06] Methods of producing lipids and later fuels have proven challenging in practice, however, especially with regard to the actual separation of lipids and the conversion of cell-bound lipids to fuels

Method used

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  • Methods of robust and efficient conversion of cellular lipids to biofuels
  • Methods of robust and efficient conversion of cellular lipids to biofuels
  • Methods of robust and efficient conversion of cellular lipids to biofuels

Examples

Experimental program
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Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0091] [88] Live cultures of Chlorella sp. microalgae were centrifuged at 1 kgf for 5 min. The resulting plug of cellular material was mixed with an equal amount of technical grade methanol and then transferred to a stainless steel cylindrical pressure vessel. The vessel was closed with a screw stopper and placed in a 350°C molten tin bath for 12 minutes. After cooling in a water bath for several minutes, the container was opened and the brown solution was evaporated to dryness at room temperature. The residue was partitioned between hexane and water, and the hexane layer was analyzed by GCMS chromatography. Analysis showed the presence of C12-C20 fatty acid methyl esters in amounts, and less than 10% of a mixture of fatty acids and monoglycerides. To detect unreacted triglycerides.

Embodiment 2

[0093] [89] pumped a 20% w / v slurry of mixed species of microalgae and bacteria (from a sewage treatment tank) through a length of 6 mm internal diameter 316 stainless steel pipe maintained at 340°C via a peripheral raw aluminum cylinder that passed The resistance sleeve is heated. The system pressure is maintained at 20MPa through an adjustable back pressure safety valve. The pumping rate was adjusted to allow a heated residence time in the tubing of 16 minutes. The output from the system containing a near brown suspension (maintained for 4 hours) was separated into a smaller dense layer containing almost all fatty acids and small amounts of hydrophobic degradation compounds, and an aqueous layer containing mainly amino acids, Sugars, minerals and heterocyclic bases.

Embodiment 3

[0095][90] A slurry of proprietary microalgae containing 0.58 grams (dry weight) of cells in 8 mL of water and 3.5 mL of technical grade hexane was added to a stainless steel vessel. The container was sealed and heated to 350°C for 20 minutes, then cooled and opened. The hexane layer was combined with an equal amount of technical grade methanol, then sealed and reheated at 350° C. for an additional minute in the pressure vessel. The resulting reaction mixture was dried at 80°C until there was no further weight loss. A residue weighing 0.24 g (based on GCMS chromatographic analysis) indicated a near pure mixture containing C10-C22 fatty acid methyl esters. The yield of algae from methyl esters was over 49%.

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Abstract

Methods, vessels, and systems are provided for processing lipids contained in biomass, such as organisms grown in aqueous media or wastes in aqueous media, to produce fatty acid esters as components of a fuel, such as biofuels. The methods described herein are able to efficiently convert cellular lipids to biofuels from lipid- containing biomass such as algae.

Description

[0001] Cross References to Related Applications [0002] [01] This application claims priority to US Provisional Patent Application Serial No. 60 / 844,907, filed September 14, 2006, which is incorporated herein by reference. Background technique [0003] [02] In recent years, considerable research effort has been devoted to finding alternatives to petroleum-based fuels by utilizing bio-sourced feedstocks. As efforts have been made to develop petroleum alternatives such as ethanol, butanol, and pyrolysis-formed, biomass-derived hydrocarbons, diesel fuel alternatives have likewise been actively researched. [0004] [03] Hydrocarbyl esters of fatty acids of lengths from 8 to 24 carbon atoms have been widely recognized as suitable replacements for petroleum-based diesel motor fuels. These mixtures of fatty acid esters, commonly known as biodiesel, are typically produced by transesterification reactions involving naturally occurring lipids and short chain alcohols as reactants. ...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): C11C1/00C07C51/00F27B15/00
CPCC11C3/003
Inventor 格里高利·A·安德森文森特·V·库内托
Owner BIOFUELBOX
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