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Process for ultra-sensitive quantification of target analytes in complex biological systems

a biological system and target analyte technology, applied in the field of analytical separation and measurement systems and processes, can solve the problems of high failure rate, long development lead time, high cost of de novo development of specific antibodies for new immunoassays, etc., and achieve the effect of improving srm sensitivity and quantitation accuracy

Inactive Publication Date: 2014-07-10
BATTELLE MEMORIAL INST
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Benefits of technology

The patent is about a process for detecting small amounts of target substances in a complex sample, like biological fluids or cells. The process involves fractionating the sample into smaller parts and selecting specific parts that may contain the target substances. This helps to concentrate and detect the target substances with greater accuracy. The process also includes a technique to remove high-abundance components that may interfere with the detection. Overall, the technology improves the sensitivity and accuracy of detecting target substances in complex samples.

Problems solved by technology

However, de novo development of specific antibodies for new immunoassays is costly, requires long development lead times, and often experiences high failure rates.
While SRM has demonstrated relatively good selectivity, reproducibility or precision, and sensitivity for a range of multiplexed protein assays, a major limitation of current SRM technology is insufficient sensitivity for detecting very low-abundance compounds including, e.g., proteins present at sub-nanogram per milliliter levels in human blood plasma or serum samples, or extremely low-abundance proteins in cells or tissues.
However, despite these advances, antibody-specific reagents that have sufficient specificity for target proteins such as protein isoforms, post-translational modifications, or their surrogate (native) peptides are generally not available, and development of such reagents is expensive and requires a long lead time.

Method used

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  • Process for ultra-sensitive quantification of target analytes in complex biological systems
  • Process for ultra-sensitive quantification of target analytes in complex biological systems
  • Process for ultra-sensitive quantification of target analytes in complex biological systems

Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

example 1

Blood Plasma and Serum Depletion

[0074]Fourteen high abundance plasma proteins (albumin; IgG; α1-antitrypsin; IgA; IgM; transferrin; haptoglobin; α1-acid glycoprotein; α2-macroglobulin; apolipoprotein A-I; apolipoprotein A-II; fibrinogen; complement C3; and apolipoprotein B) that constitute ˜95% of the total protein mass of human plasma were depleted from plasma and serum samples using a Seppro® IgY-14 LC10 immunoaffinity column (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, Mo., USA) on an Agilent 1100 series HPLC system (Agilent, Palo Alto, Calif., USA). For each depletion experiment, ˜125 μL plasma / serum was diluted 10-fold and injected onto the IgY14 column. Following the IgY14 separations, the flow-through fraction was concentrated using Amicon® Ultra-15 (5 kDa nominal molecular weight limit, Millipore, Billerica, Mass., USA). Protein concentrations were determined by BCA protein assay (Pierce, Rockford, Ill.).

example 2

Protein Digestion and Spike-in Experiments

[0075]Protein samples from plasma / serum and cancer cells were digested with the same protocol. For the plasma spike-in experiments at the peptide level, IgY14 flow-through proteins from 10 injections were pooled, denatured, and then reduced using 8 M urea and 10 mM dithiothreitol (DTT) in 50 mM NH4HCO3 buffer (pH 8.0) for 1 h at 37° C. Samples were then alkylated using 40 mM iodoacetamide for 1 h at room temperature. The resulting protein mixture was diluted 6-fold with 50 mM NH4HCO3, after which sequencing grade modified porcine trypsin (Promega, Madison, Wis.) was added at a trypsin:protein ratio of 1:50 (w / w), and the sample digested at 37° C. for 3 hrs. The protein digest was subsequently cleaned up using an SPE_C-18 column (Supelco, Bellefonte, Pa.). The final peptide samples were stored at −80° C. until further usage. Proteins from plasma / serum and cancer cells samples were digested with the same protocol. Stocks of 1 μg / μL of each of ...

example 3

SRM Assay Configuration

[0076]SRM assays were configured based on experimental tandem MS / MS data for peptide mixtures from four target proteins: 1) bovine carbonic anhydrase, 2) bovine β-lactoglobulin, 3) E. coli β-galactosidase, and 4) human prostate-specific antigen (PSA) (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, Mo., USA). MS / MS spectra were used to select transitions by choosing the eight most intense y-type ions for each peptide of precursor charge state +2 or +3. For each target protein, two unique peptides were selected that had the best ionization and most intense fragmentation patterns when transmitted to the mass spectrometer. Precursor-to-fragment ion transitions (TABLE 1) were tested by SRM measurements on a TSQ Quantum Ultra triple quadrupole mass spectrometer (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Inc., Waltham, Mass., USA). Optimization of collision energy (CE) was performed by direct infusion of a 500 nM digested solution of each target protein dissolved in 0.1% formic acid in water at an infus...

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Abstract

Antibody-free processes are disclosed that provide accurate quantification of a wide variety of low-abundance target analytes in complex samples. The processes can employ high-pressure, high-resolution chromatographic separations for analyte enrichment. Intelligent selection of target fractions may be performed via on-line Selected Reaction Monitoring (SRM) or off-line rapid screening of internal standards. Quantification may be performed on individual or multiplexed fractions. Applications include analyses of, e.g., very low abundance proteins or candidate biomarkers in plasma, cell, or tissue samples without the need for affinity-specific reagents.

Description

STATEMENT REGARDING RIGHTS TO INVENTION MADE UNDER FEDERALLY-SPONSORED RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT[0001]This invention was made with Government support under the National Institutes of Health (NIH) Director's New Innovator Program Award Number DP2OD006668, NIH Grant Numbers 8P41-GM103493, 5P41-RR018522, CA111244, and U24-CA-160019, National Cancer Institute (NCI) Early Detection Research Network Interagency Agreement Number Y01-CN-05013-29, and Contract Number DE-AC05-76RLO-1830 awarded by the U.S. Department of Energy. The Government has certain rights in the invention.FIELD OF THE INVENTION[0002]The present invention relates generally to analytical separation and measurement systems and processes. More particularly, the present invention relates to two-dimensional separation systems and processes that quantify low-abundance target analytes in complex samples including complex biological and clinical samples.BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION[0003]Detection and quantification of trace levels...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(United States)
IPC IPC(8): G01N30/00G01N27/447G01N33/50
CPCG01N30/00G01N33/50G01N27/447G01N33/6842G01N30/72G01N30/8631G01N2030/8831G01N33/6848G01N2458/15G01N2560/00
Inventor SHI, TUJINQIAN, WEIJUNFILLMORE, THOMAS L.SUN, XUEFEISMITH, RICHARD D.
Owner BATTELLE MEMORIAL INST
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