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Nanocomposite particle and process of preparing the same

a technology of nanocomposite particles and nanocomposite particles, which is applied in the field of nanocomposite particles, can solve the problems of reducing the surface area and porosity of coatings, affecting the catalytic properties of titanium dioxide, and thermal instability of titanium dioxide when employed in high-temperature applications, and achieves the effect of improving thermal stability

Active Publication Date: 2009-12-31
TRONOX LLC
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Benefits of technology

The invention is a new type of particle made up of titanium dioxide nanoparticles, metal oxide nanoparticles, and a surface stabilizer. This new particle has improved thermal stability and can support a chemical reaction called the DeNOx process. The process for making this new particle involves first creating a slurry of titanium dioxide nanoparticles and a soluble metal oxide precursor, and then treating it with water and other substances to form the new particle. The resulting particle has improved performance in high-temperature applications and can help reduce harmful emissions from combustion processes.

Problems solved by technology

Unfortunately, titanium dioxide is thermally unstable when employed in high temperatures applications, such as DeNOx.
At high temperatures, the titanium dioxide nanoparticles tend to coalesce, which reduces their surface area and porosity.
One problem with this approach is that the coating can affect the catalytic properties of titanium dioxide.

Method used

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Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

example 1

Nanocomposite Preparation

[0037]Nanocomposite 1A

[0038]Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticle Preparation: A TiSO4 solution (2000 g, 7.6 wt. % TiO2) is charged to a 3-L reactor and the pH of the solution is adjusted to about 1 with an ammonium hydroxide solution (29% NH3 in water, product of Aldrich) under constant stirring at room temperature. Urea (550 g) is then dissolved in the solution and the temperature is raised to 98° C. for 3 h. After cooling, the titanium dioxide nanoparticles are separated by filtration and washed with water. The filtered titanium nanoparticles are redispersed in water to form a 2-L slurry.

[0039]Nanocomposite Preparation: One half of the 2-L slurry is added to a 2-L beaker and ZrOCl2.8H2O (50 g) is dissolved in the slurry. Under strong agitation, an ammonium hydroxide solution (29% NH3 in water) is added slowly until the pH of the slurry is about 10 and the ZrO2 precipitates. Fumed SiO2 (5 g) is then added to the slurry, the slurry is charged to a 2-L stirred hydro...

example 2

DeNOx Catalyst Preparation

[0044]The catalyst is prepared according to the procedure described in co-pending U.S. application Ser. No. 10 / 968,706. The nanocomposite (75 g) is slurried in deionized water (175 mL) and concentrated sulfuric acid is added until the pH reaches 0. An ammonium paratungstate solution (9.38 g AMT in 150 mL deionized water, formed by mixing at 50° C.) is added to the nanocomposite slurry and mixed for 1 h. The powder is filtered, dried at 110° C. overnight, and then calcined at 500° C. for 6 h. The powder (10 g) is then added to a vanadium oxide solution (0.185 g monoethanolamine and 0.092 g V2O5 in 20 mL deionized water, formed by mixing at 60° C. until dissolution) and stirred for 10 min. The solvent is evaporated under vacuum and the solid is dried at 110° C. overnight, and then calcined at 600° C. for 6 h. The catalysts contained approximately 10 wt. % WO3 and 0.9 wt. % V2O5.

[0045]Nanocomposites 1A, 1B, 1C, 1D, 1E, 1F, 1G, 1H, 1I, and 1J are used to form C...

example 3

DeNOx Test

[0046]The catalysts are loaded into a conventional plug flow reactor with a feed consisting of 300 ppm NO, 360 ppm NH3, 3% O2, 10% H2O and balance N2 at a space velocity is 80,000 / hr. The NH3 catalytic reduction is performed at 270° C. and 320° C.

[0047]The results are shown in Table 2. The results are recorded as percent NO conversion and activity. The activity is expressed as k*tau where k*tau represents the activity constant multiplied by the contact time. It is generally accepted that ammonia (NH3) selective catalytic reduction is first order with respect to NO, and zero order with respect to NH3. Therefore, the activity is calculated from conversion as k*tau=−In (1-conversion) where conversion is represented as a fraction of 1.

TABLE 1Amounts of TiO2, ZrO2 and Surface Stabilizer in theNanocomposite ParticlesSiO2 orCrystalTiO2ZrO2AlPO4S.A.P.V.size (nm)Nano. #(wt. %)(wt. %)(wt. %)(m2 / g)(cm3 / g)TiO2ZrO21A761951560.336.8—1B9055970.3917.06.81C801551090.7614.56.21D702551120.78...

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Abstract

A nanocomposite particle, its use as a catalyst, and a method of making it are disclosed. The nanocomposite particle comprises titanium dioxide nanoparticles, metal oxide nanoparticles, and a surface stabilizer. The metal oxide nanoparticles are formed hydrothermally in the presence of the titanium dioxide nanoparticles. The nanocomposite particle is an effective catalyst support, particularly for DeNOx catalyst applications.

Description

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS[0001]This application is a divisional of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11 / 509,339, filed Aug. 24, 2006, the contents of which are hereby expressly incorporated in their entirety by reference.FIELD OF THE INVENTION[0002]This invention relates to a nanocomposite particle and a process for its preparation. The nanocomposite particle is useful as a catalyst and / or a catalyst support.BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION[0003]Titanium dioxide is widely used as a catalyst and / or a catalyst support for many applications, including oxidation chemistry, hydrotreating, Claus reactions, photocatalysis, total oxidation of volatile organic compounds, and DeNOx reactions. The use of titanium dioxide as a catalyst support for the selective catalytic reduction of NOx is taught in, for example, U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,929,586, and 5,137,855. Although any crystalline form of titanium dioxide (anatase, rutile, and brookite) may be useful for catalyst applications, anatase is ...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(United States)
IPC IPC(8): B01J31/02B01J21/06B01J21/04B01J23/10B01J21/08B01J27/16B01J27/135B01J23/24B01J23/44B01J23/42B01J23/72B01J23/50B01J23/52
CPCB82Y30/00B01J35/1019C01P2004/62C01P2004/64C01P2006/12C09C1/0084C09C1/3661B01D2255/20761B01D2255/20769B01D2255/20776B01D2255/20784B01D2255/2092B01D2255/2094B01D2255/30B01D2255/9202B01D2255/9207B01D2255/1021B01D2255/1023B01D2255/1025B01D2255/1026B01D2255/104B01D2255/106B01D2255/2065B01D2255/207B01D2255/20707B01D2255/20715B01D2255/20723B01D2255/2073B01D2255/20738B01D2255/20753B01J21/063B01D53/8628B01J37/031B01J37/035B01J37/10B01J23/30B01J35/0013B01J35/002B01J35/023B01J35/1014C01P2002/30B01J35/30B01J35/40B01J35/23B01J35/613B01J35/615B82B1/00B82B3/00B82Y40/00
Inventor FU, GUOYIAUGUSTINE, STEVEN M.
Owner TRONOX LLC
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