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Method of upgrading biomass, upgraded biomass, biomass water slurry and method of producing same, upgraded biomass gas, and method of gasifying biomass

a technology of biomass and water slurry, which is applied in the direction of combustible gas production, waste based fuel, water treatment, etc., can solve the problems of reducing the pressure of carbon dioxide gas emission reduction, unable to produce slurries of higher concentrations, and reducing the quantity of oxygen supplied during direct oxidation. , the effect of improving the efficiency of the coolant gas

Inactive Publication Date: 2007-03-29
JGC CORP +1
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Benefits of technology

This approach results in a stable, high-heating-value biomass water slurry that can be used as an alternative fuel to heavy oil or coal, with improved pipe transportability and reduced carbon dioxide emissions, along with increased efficiency in gasification and reduced ash and sulfur content, lowering investment costs for combustion facilities.

Problems solved by technology

The increase in carbon dioxide gas emissions as a result of the huge consumption of fossil fuels is a significant cause of global warming, and is leading to increased pressure for reductions in carbon dioxide gas emissions.
However, the solid fraction concentration of the slurry reported by the University of North Dakota was no more than a maximum of approximately 48 mass %, and slurries of higher concentrations could not be produced.
If an attempt is made to increase the solid fraction concentration in order to increase the heating value, then the slurry solidifies and cannot be handled as a slurry.
In the case of a direct gasification of a biomass, if the reaction temperature is less than 800° C., then the quantities of tar, soot and char produced increase, and operation of the gasification furnace becomes difficult.
A further problem arose in that the concentration of H2 and CO, which represent the active ingredients within the targeted product gas, also decreases.
Furthermore, in a method in which a raw material biomass is crushed to form chips, because the production of chips smaller than a certain size is impossible, performing the gasification reaction within a pressurized system was problematic.
In addition, because the biomass cannot be reduced to small enough particles, the rate of the partial oxidation reaction by oxygen is slow.

Method used

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Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

example 1

[0081] 3,300 g of water was added to 350 g of dried Acacia mangium (timber) which had been shredded to particles of no more than 1 mm, and the mixture was then stirred. The thus obtained mixture was placed in a 10 liter autoclave, and upgrading treatment was performed by raising the temperature from room temperature to 330° C. over a 3 hour period, and adjusting the pressure to 15.6 MPa. This state was then maintained for 10 minutes, and the mixture was then cooled to 80° C. over a 3 hour period, to yield a black colored slurry. This slurry was filtered using a Nutsche filter, and the thus obtained solid component was dried, and yielded 158 g of a black colored powder.

[0082] 50 g of this powder was crushed for 30 hours in a 1 liter ball mill, and 40 g of a fine powder was recovered. Measurement of the particle size distribution of this fine powder using a microtrac (FSA model, manufactured by Nikkiso Co., Ltd.) revealed an average particle size of 8.2 μm.

[0083] With 40 g of this f...

example 2

[0085] With the exceptions of performing the upgrading treatment using 470 g of Acacia mangium which had been dried and shredded to particles of no more than 1 mm and 4,300 g of water, and adjusting the set temperature and set pressure for the upgrading treatment to 300° C. and 11 MPa respectively, a slurry was obtained in the same manner as the example 1. The average particle size of the fine powder following crushing with the ball mill was 10.3 μm.

[0086] The solid fraction concentration of the slurry obtained after mixing was 66 mass %, and the slurry viscosity was 830 mPa·s. This slurry remained in a slurry state even after storage for 2 months at room temperature. The characteristics of this slurry as a fuel were the same as those of the biomass water slurry of the example 1.

example 3

[0087] With the exceptions of performing the upgrading treatment using 290 g of Acacia mangium which had been dried and shredded to particles of no more than 1 mm and 2,700 g of water, and adjusting the set temperature and set pressure for the upgrading treatment to 350° C. and 18.8 MPa respectively, a slurry was obtained in the same manner as the example 1. The average particle size of the fine powder following crushing with the ball mill was 9.5 μm.

[0088] The solid fraction concentration of the slurry obtained after mixing was 68.5 mass %, and the slurry viscosity was 990 mPa·s. This slurry remained in a slurry state even after storage for 2 months at room temperature.

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Abstract

This method of upgrading a biomass comprises: an upgrading step for performing upgrading treatment of a cellulose based biomass with an oxygen / carbon atomic ratio of at least 0.5, in presence of water and under a pressure of at least saturated water vapor pressure, and reducing said oxygen / carbon atomic ratio of said biomass to no more than 0.38, and a separation step for separating an upgraded reactant obtained from said upgrading step into a solid component and a liquid component.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD [0001] The present invention relates to a method of upgrading a cellulose based biomass, a method of converting a cellulose based biomass into a slurry, and a method of gasifying upgraded biomass. BACKGROUND ART [0002] Slurries formed by crushing solid fuels such as coal and then adding water and additives are known as CWM or CWF (Coal Water Mixture / Coal Water Fuel), and are consequently attracting considerable attention as new fuels. [0003] From the viewpoint of handling, a slurry fuel requires a viscosity of no more than 1,500 mPa·s (rotary viscometer, 25° C., shear rate value of 100 [l / sec], these settings also apply below). Furthermore, with the demand in recent years for higher heating values and higher combustion efficiency, heating values of at least 16.5 MJ / kg (4,000 kcal / kg) are required. [0004] The increase in carbon dioxide gas emissions as a result of the huge consumption of fossil fuels is a significant cause of global warming, and is leading to increase...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(United States)
IPC IPC(8): C10J3/46B09B3/00B01J3/00C01B3/32C10G31/08C10J3/00C10L1/32C10L5/44
CPCC10G31/08C10J3/00C10J2300/0916C10J2300/0973C10J2300/1846C10L5/44Y02E50/10Y02E50/30C10J2300/092C10L1/326C10L2290/04C10L2290/24C10L2250/06C10L9/086C10L2290/28
Inventor SUYAMA, CHIAKITOKUDA, SHINICHITSURUI, MASAOSUTO, YOSHINORITAMURA, KOJIKATAGIRI, TSUTOMUNAGAI, TERUOOGAWA, JINYAMAGUCHI, TAKESHI
Owner JGC CORP
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