Differential grinding roller type rapid biomass catalytic pyrolysis device and method

Abstract

The invention relates to a differential grinding roller type rapid biomass catalytic pyrolysis device and method. The device comprises a hopper, a feed system, a differential grinding roller type pyrolysis reactor, a gas-solid separation system, a pyrolysis gas condensation system, a bio-oil collection tank, a carbon collection box, a combustion system, a heat exchange system and a fused salt circulation system. The differential grinding roller type pyrolysis reactor comprises a pair of differential grinding rollers, a closed casing, a high-temperature fused salt heat exchange tube, a materialinlet / outlet, a gas outlet, a drive and transmission device and a thermal insulation system. The pretreated biomass raw materials are subjected to heating and shearing friction of cross high-temperature millstones, the surface carbon residues are continuously peeled off, and effective catalytic pyrolysis inside raw material particles is ensured; the pyrolysis gas is rapidly condensed after gas-solid separation so as to obtain high-grade bio-oil fuel or bio-oil enriched in specific high value-added products; meanwhile, the combustible gas and coke are collected and combusted to produce high temperature flue gas, and the flue gas is used for heating the fused salt and conducting heat and further heating the millstone, so that a self-heating pyrolysis process is realized.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of biomass energy utilization, and in particular relates to a device and method for fast catalytic pyrolysis of biomass with a differential grinding roller type. Background technique [0002] Through rapid pyrolysis of biomass raw materials such as agricultural and forestry waste and urban waste, not only can the waste be made harmless, but also high-grade bio-oil and high value-added chemicals can be obtained. Biomass rapid pyrolysis technology converts difficult-to-treat biomass waste into liquid bio-oil and bio-combustible gas with high energy density, which is convenient for its transportation, storage, combustion and modification, and makes better use of biomass raw material waste, reducing pollution emissions from direct combustion. The use of catalysts to regulate the biomass pyrolysis process to obtain bio-oil rich in specific high value-added chemicals, and to obtain the required chemical products ...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

However, due to the poor thermal conductivity of biomass, it is difficult to quickly absorb heat and raise the temperature. At present, it is mainly solved by prolonging the residence time of the particles in the reactor or using finer raw material particles, which will either reduce the processing efficiency of the reactor or reduce the temperature of the reactor. Increasing the power consumption of the pulverizer will increase the cost of biomass treatment

[0004] As for the catalytic pyrolysis technology of biomass, the current mainstream pyrolysis reactors are nothing more than three types: first, for rotating cone, ablation and other moving mechanical reactors, although they can ensure compact structure, low energy consumption, and reduce The amount of carrier gas used even does not use carrier gas, but it is difficult to make the catalyst directly act on the internal reaction of the raw material only by rotating the centrifugal force; second, for the roller-pressed pyrolysis reactor, although the forced roller pressing can make the raw material particles heat up rapidly , but the corresponding is that the raw material particles are also more and more compacted, the catalyst is difficult to touch the inside of the particles, and the catalytic effect cannot be guaranteed; thirdly, for the fluidized bed reactor, although the carbon on the surface of the raw material can be peeled off through the continuous collision of the particles, The catalyst acts on the inside, but there are also problems such as the large amount of carrier gas used, which leads to difficult condensation of pyrolysis gas, large loss of condensation heat, serious wear and tear of the reactor, and huge equipment.

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