A kind of two-dimensional mesh ultrafine nanofiber composite liquid filter material and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a composite liquid filter material based on two-dimensional reticular superfine nanofibers and a preparation method of the composite liquid filter material. The preparation method comprises steps as follows: a polymer solution is prepared from selected polymers and subjected to static direct injection for web forming, a spinneret orifice is subjected to in-situ vibration under the action of external force in the static direct injection process, generation of charged droplets is promoted, then the droplets are subjected to phase separation, a uniform two-dimensional reticular superfine nanofiber material is formed on the surface of a receiving base material and is in a continuous and seamless stacking form, then an electrospun fiber protecting layer is sprayed on the surface of the reticular material with an electrospinning technique, and the composite liquid filter material with the reticular superfine nanofibers as a core layer is obtained. The prepared composite liquid filter material based on the two-dimensional reticular superfine nanofibers contains the two-dimensional reticular superfine nanofiber core filter layer in the continuous and seamless stacking form, wherein the fiber diameter of the core filter layer is small and the mesh aperture is small; besides, the material has the characteristics of high porosity and good channel connectivity and can be used for preparing a liquid filter membrane with high interception efficiency and high flux.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a composite liquid filter material with a two-dimensional network ultrafine nanofiber as a core layer and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of nanofiber filter materials. Background technique [0002] At present, due to the advantages of simple operation and short process flow, the filtration method has been widely used in liquid impurity removal in food processing, medical and sanitation, petrochemical and many other industries. However, the existing commonly used phase separation liquid filter materials generally have poor pore connectivity. , The problem of low filtrate flux leads to high energy consumption and long time-consuming production process. Electrospun nanofiber liquid filter material is expected to become an ideal liquid filter material due to its small pore size, good pore connectivity, and high porosity. Existing published patents "Ultraporous Nanofiber Mat and Its Use" (CN201380070...

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Problems solved by technology

Existing published patents "Ultraporous Nanofiber Mat and Its Use" (CN201380070873.3), "Using Nanofiber Filter Media to Remove Microbes from Fluid Samples" (CN201080017401.8), "A Composite Filter Material for Liquid Filters" ( CN201620985216.2) reported the method of using electrospinning fiber to prepare liquid filter material, but the material prepared by the above method generally has the shortcomings of thick fiber diameter (>200nm) and large pore size, resulting in low filtration efficiency and difficult to meet the actual application requirements

[0003] In order to reduce the pore size of electrospun fiber membranes and obtain high-efficiency and high-throughput liquid filtration materials, the patents "High-flux and high-efficiency nanofiber membranes and their preparation methods" (CN200980146276.8), "A cellulose nanofiber-graphite oxide Alkene hybrid composite ultrafiltration membrane and its preparation method" (CN201510747818.4), "A preparation method of high-flux nanofiber composite ultrafiltration membrane with adjustable pore size" (CN201610528343.4) reported a method of electrospinning A method of coating the fiber surface with cellulose nanocrystals to construct a small-diameter liquid filtration membrane. This method can use cellulose nanocrystals with extremely small diameters (5-50 m) to reduce the pore size of the electrospun fiber membrane, but due to the length of the cellulose nanocrystals Short (<1 μm) leads to its easy aggregation and uneven distribution on the surface of the fiber membrane, and the formed pore structure is difficult to precisely control. At the same time, the cellulose nanocrystals are easy to enter the fiber membrane and cause pore blockage, resulting in low flux of the material. , cannot meet the practical application

Another published patent "Preparation method of nano-spider web / nanofiber composite protective material" (CN200910052163.3) and "Preparation method of a multi-component network nanofiber membrane" (CN201410061970.2) reported a fine-diameter (5-35nm), the preparation method of the nano-spider web material with small pore size (10-300nm), but the nano-spider web material prepared by the above method contains a large amount of conventional electrospun fiber scaffolds, and the network structure coverage rate is low and discontinuous, As a result, there are a large number of gaps between the net and the net, and the practical application of liquid filtration has not been realized so far.

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