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Nanophase/metal composite powder and powder metallurgy preparation method of bulk material

A metal composite and metal powder technology, applied in the field of metal matrix composite material preparation, can solve the problems of inability to simultaneously satisfy nano-phase dispersibility, poor dispersion effect of carbon nanotubes, lack of deformability of flake powder, etc., and achieve excellent effects, Less metallurgical defects and good structural integrity

Active Publication Date: 2019-09-03
SHANGHAI JIAOTONG UNIV
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Problems solved by technology

Choi et al. ("The effect of milling conditions on microstructures and mechanical properties of Al / MWCNT composites" CompositesPart A 43(2012) 1061-1072) performed high-speed ball milling on aluminum and carbon nanotube mixed powder at 425~600rpm, and the ball milling time exceeded 10h In the process of ball milling, the mixed powder is continuously broken and welded under the impact of steel balls, and finally forms a spherical granular composite powder of carbon nanotubes / aluminum, but the dispersion effect of carbon nanotubes is not good, and its nanostructure is severely damaged. Reinforcement is not effective
Liu et al. ("Mechanical alloying of multi-walled carbon nanotubes and aluminum powders for the preparation of carbon / metal composites" Carbon 47 (2009) 3427-3433) ball milled a mixture of aluminum and carbon nanotubes using a lower milling speed (300rpm) Aluminum powder is flaked under the shearing action of steel balls, and carbon nanotubes are gradually dispersed on the surface of flake aluminum powder under the friction of steel balls, and the degree of structural damage is relatively light; but carbon nanotubes are distributed on the sheet At the same time, due to the lack of deformation ability and severe oxidation of the flake powder, there are many metallurgical defects in the prepared bulk material, which has high requirements for subsequent processing technology, and often requires large plastic deformation technology. Promote interfacial bonding and eliminate metallurgical defects, so the size and shape of the prepared samples are limited, and the requirements for equipment are also high
Therefore, the disadvantages of the prior art mainly lie in that the above-mentioned single uniform velocity ball mill cannot meet the technical requirements of nanophase dispersion, structural integrity, bonding with the matrix, and less metallurgical defects at the same time, so that the nanophase cannot be fully utilized in metal matrix composites. performance-enhancing potential of

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  • Nanophase/metal composite powder and powder metallurgy preparation method of bulk material
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  • Nanophase/metal composite powder and powder metallurgy preparation method of bulk material

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preparation example Construction

[0028] The preparation method of nanophase / metal composite powder of the present invention comprises the following steps:

[0029] (1) Add the nanophase powder and metal powder to the ball mill tank after weighing according to the design ratio;

[0030] (2) The mixed powder is subjected to low-speed ball milling for a long time to obtain uniformly dispersed sheet-like composite powder;

[0031] (3) The flake composite powder is subjected to short-time high-speed ball milling to obtain nanophase / metal granular composite powder;

[0032]On the basis of the above-mentioned nanophase / metal granular composite powder, the densification of the nanophase / metal granular composite powder is achieved through powder metallurgy techniques such as pressing, sintering and plastic deformation, and the nanophase / metal composite bulk material is obtained.

Embodiment 1

[0034] Carbon Nanotube / Aluminum Composite

[0035] Spherical aluminum powder with a purity greater than 99.5% and an average particle diameter of 10 microns is used as the metal matrix powder, and multi-walled carbon nanotubes with an outer diameter of 20-40 nanometers and a length of 2-5 microns are used as the nanophase powder.

[0036] The carbon nanotube / aluminum mixed powder is placed in a planetary ball mill, the mass fraction of carbon nanotubes is 2%, the ball-to-material ratio is 20:1, ball milling at a low speed of 135 rpm for 8 hours, and ball milling at a high speed of 270 rpm for 1 hour to prepare carbon nanotubes / aluminum Aluminum granular composite powder.

[0037] The carbon nanotube / aluminum granular composite powder was hot-pressed and sintered at 300 MPa and 550 °C for 2 h in a vacuum environment, and then extruded into a round rod sample at 420 °C at a rate of 1 mm / min and an extrusion ratio of 25:1.

Embodiment 2

[0039] Graphene / copper composites

[0040] The spherical copper powder prepared by the atomization method has a purity greater than 99.5% and an average particle size of 30 microns; the graphene nanosheets prepared by the oxidation-reduction method have a thickness of 1-3 nanometers and a diameter of 0.5-2 microns.

[0041] Put the graphene / copper mixed powder in the stirring ball mill, the mass fraction of graphene is 0.5%, add the stearic acid with mass fraction of 1%, the ratio of ball to material is 15:1, take it out after ball milling at a low speed of 150rpm for 6h, put In a planetary ball mill, ball mill at a high speed of 426rpm for 0.5h to prepare graphene / copper granular composite powder.

[0042] After the graphene / copper granular composite powder is cold-pressed at 500MPa, it is sintered at 950°C for 4 hours under an argon atmosphere, and then upset at 700°C to a 25% downsetting amount to obtain a graphene / copper composite material.

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Abstract

The invention discloses a powder metallurgy preparation method of nanophase / metal composite powder and a block material thereof. The method comprises the steps of carrying out low-speed ball milling on nanophase powder and metal powder for a long time, and uniformly dispersing nanophases on the surface or inside the flake metal powder, so as to obtain nanophase / metal flake composite powder; and carrying out high-speed ball milling for a short time to weld the nanophase / metal flake composite powder to obtain nanophase / metal granular composite powder. According to the preparation method, the problems of uniform dispersion and interface bonding of the nanophases in a metal matrix can be solved through only adjusting the speed of ball milling; compared with traditional constant-speed ball milling, the ball milling method has the advantages that dispersion of the nanophases is more uniform, the interface bonding strength is higher, and the prepared material is more excellent in performance; and the preparation method is simple and efficient in technology and applicable to batch preparation.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of metal matrix composite material preparation, in particular to a powder metallurgy preparation method of nanophase / metal composite powder and its bulk material. Background technique [0002] In recent years, due to the excellent mechanical properties of traditional metal matrix composites and the advantages of good plasticity, toughness, thermal stability and processability, nanophase reinforced metal matrix composites have received extensive attention in recent years. It has great application potential in many fields such as aerospace, transportation, electronics and sporting goods. However, various nanophases have excellent mechanical properties, functional properties, and unique geometric shapes, which not only bring excellent performance enhancement to metal matrix composites, but also put forward higher requirements for the composite preparation process. Studies have shown that to give full play to t...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Patents(China)
IPC IPC(8): B22F9/04B22F1/00
Inventor 李志强徐润谭占秋范根莲张荻
Owner SHANGHAI JIAOTONG UNIV
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