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A kind of detection method of heavy metal in soil

A detection method and technology for heavy metals, applied in the field of analysis and detection, can solve problems such as human toxicity, and achieve the effects of good recovery rate, fast processing speed and high precision

Active Publication Date: 2017-10-10
SHANDONG WUZHOU DETECTION
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

Although heavy metals such as manganese, copper, and zinc are trace elements needed for life activities, most heavy metals such as lead, mercury, etc. are not necessary for life activities, and all heavy metals are toxic to the human body if they exceed a certain concentration

Method used

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Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0025] In an embodiment of the present invention, a method for detecting heavy metals in soil comprises the following steps;

[0026] 1. Sample pretreatment

[0027] 1) Alkaline hydrolysis: Weigh 3g of soil, add 8mL of alkaline solution containing ammonia water, shake and microwave for 40 seconds at a power of 0.6 kW to obtain an alkaline hydrolysis sample solution; the alkaline solution is sodium hydroxide and The mixture of potassium hydroxide, the concentration of hydroxide ion is 0.5mol / L, and the massfraction of described ammoniacal liquor is 8%.

[0028] 2) Acid extraction: quickly add 18mL of acid solution containing hypochlorous acid into the alkali hydrolysis sample solution obtained in step 1) under stirring conditions, check the pH of the solution, and adjust the pH value to 2, then set the temperature at 25°C, Under the conditions of 250W and 40kHz, ultrasonic extraction was carried out for 20 minutes, centrifuged, the residue was washed with an acid solution cont...

Embodiment 2

[0036] In an embodiment of the present invention, a method for detecting heavy metals in soil comprises the following steps;

[0037] 1. Sample pretreatment

[0038] 1) Alkaline hydrolysis: Weigh 8g of soil, add 12mL of alkaline solution containing ammonia water, shake and microwave for 80 seconds at a power of 0.8 kW to obtain an alkaline hydrolysis sample solution; the alkaline solution is sodium hydroxide and The mixture of potassium hydroxide, the concentration of hydroxide ion is 1.5mol / L, and the massfraction of described ammoniacal liquor is 12%.

[0039] 2) Acid extraction: quickly add 22mL of acid solution containing hypochlorous acid into the alkali hydrolysis sample solution obtained in step 1) under stirring conditions, check the pH of the solution, and adjust the pH value to 5, then incubate at a temperature of 35°C, Under the conditions of 350W and 50kHz, ultrasonic extraction was carried out for 30 minutes, centrifuged, the residue was washed with an acid solut...

Embodiment 3

[0047] In an embodiment of the present invention, a method for detecting heavy metals in soil comprises the following steps;

[0048] 1. Sample pretreatment

[0049] 1) Alkaline hydrolysis: Weigh 5g of soil, add 10mL of alkaline solution containing ammonia water, shake and microwave for 60 seconds at a power of 0.7 kilowatts to obtain an alkaline hydrolysis sample solution; the alkaline solution is sodium hydroxide and The mixture of potassium hydroxide, the concentration of hydroxide ion is 0.8mol / L, and the mass fraction of described ammoniacal liquor is 10%.

[0050] 2) Acid extraction: quickly add 20mL of acid solution containing hypochlorous acid into the alkali hydrolysis sample solution obtained in step 1) under stirring conditions, check the pH of the solution, and adjust the pH value to 4, then set the temperature at 30°C, Under the conditions of 300W and 40-50kHz, perform ultrasonic extraction for 20-30min, centrifuge, wash the residue with an acid solution containi...

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Abstract

The invention discloses a detection method of heavy metal in soil. The detection method comprises the following steps: weighing soil, adding an alkali solution containing an ammonia solution, performing shaking and microwave treatment, adding an acid solution containing chloric acid, adjusting a pH valve, and performing ultrasonic extraction and centrifugation so as to obtain a crude extract; then performing concentration and microfiltration, and setting volumes so as to obtain a sample solution; preparing a blank solution; performing quantitative determination on the obtained sample solution by an extra-high efficient liquid chromatography. According to the detection method disclosed by the invention, an alkaline hydrolysis acid extraction method is adopted for pre-treating samples, so that losses and air pollution of heavy metal elements are avoided. Besides, the detection method has the advantages of being high in recovery rate, precision, and treatment speed, simple and convenient to operate, wide in application range and the like. According to the detection method disclosed by the invention, after the samples are pretreated, the determination of varied heavy metal elements can be performed on the pretreated samples, and performing separate sample pretreatment on each heavy metal element is not needed, so that the workload is reduced. The detection method disclosed by the invention is very acute for determining the content of the heavy metal in the soil, and has a relatively high detection efficiency.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of analysis and detection, in particular to a method for detecting heavy metals in soil. Background technique [0002] Heavy metals refer to atomic density greater than 5g / cm 3 There are about 45 kinds of metal elements, such as copper, lead, zinc, manganese, iron, diamond, nickel, vanadium, chromium, mercury, tungsten, aluminum, gold, silver and so on. Although heavy metals such as manganese, copper, and zinc are trace elements needed for life activities, most heavy metals such as lead, mercury, etc. are not necessary for life activities, and all heavy metals are toxic to the human body if they exceed a certain concentration. With the expansion of cities and the development of large-scale industries, the pollution of heavy metals in the atmosphere, soil and water environment is increasing. Heavy metal pollution is one of the main problems of water pollution. Man-made pollution such as mining, metal smelti...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Patents(China)
IPC IPC(8): G01N30/02
CPCG01N30/02G01N2030/027
Inventor 梁蔚蔚张宝同
Owner SHANDONG WUZHOU DETECTION
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