Alkaline powder for treating leaked sulfuric acid and preparation method of alkaline powder

Abstract

The invention provides alkaline powder for treating leaked sulfuric acid and a preparation method of the alkaline powder. The alkaline powder is prepared from a neutralizer, an aid, a heat absorbent, a moisture-proof agent, a dispersant and an indicator in a certain ratio by a specific method. The raw materials for preparing the alkaline powder are readily available; the preparation method is simple, convenient and low in energy consumption; and the prepared powder does not cake, and is low in moisture absorption and good in settling performance after being sprayed. The alkaline powder can be used for effectively treating the leaked sulfuric acid of which the concentration is 50 to 98 percent or more; and the treatment process has the characteristics of high response speed, low temperature rise, secondary harm prevention, simplicity and convenience in endpoint judgment and the like.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the field of emergency treatment for leakage of acidic dangerous chemicals, in particular to an alkaline powder for disposing of leaked sulfuric acid and a preparation method thereof. Background technique [0002] Sulfuric acid is an important industrial chemical, which is extremely acidic, corrosive and hygroscopic. It is widely used in the fields of industry, agriculture, national defense and scientific research. If it leaks suddenly during production, transportation and use, it will cause Cause serious safety accidents, endanger the lives and property of the people, and may cause serious environmental pollution. [0003] Sulfuric acid itself is not volatile, and sulfuric acid with a mass concentration of more than 50% will release a large amount of heat when it leaks and meets water or substances that can react with it as the concentration increases. On the one hand, the temperature rises, up to 170°C. , On the other hand, ...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

On the one hand, the neutralization of sulfuric acid by lye will release a large amount of heat, and the short-term temperature rise can reach more than 170°C, which is very easy to form sulfuric acid mist, which is harmful to human health and causes secondary harm; on the other hand, the sulfate produced by neutralization is easily Soluble in water, it will affect the water environment and soil environment; moreover, due to the lack of process control measures for disposal, it is easy to cause secondary pollution due to excessive alkali dosing

[0005] The water dilution method mainly uses a large amount of water to dilute the acidity of the leaked sulfuric acid to the allowable range of the environment, theoretically diluting 1m 3 The concentrated sulfuric acid needs about 3.7×10 7 m 3 If there is too much water, it will not only cause a short-term temperature rise, but also expand the leakage pollution area and waste huge water resources.

[0006] The sand landfill method is mainly to cover the leaked sulfuric acid with sand. This method is only suitable for the disposal of a very small amount of concentrated sulfuric acid leakage. Although it is fast and simple, it has low efficiency and cumbersome subsequent disposal. Potential adverse effects on the environment and human health

[0007] A kind of acid leakage treatment agent is disclosed in CN101693141A, is made of reaction substance, absorption substance, flow aid and indicator, wherein reaction substance is equivalent to acid-base neutralizer, can be alkaline earth metal oxide (calcium oxide, oxide Magnesium) or / and basic carbonates (sodium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate, calcium carbonate or calcium sesquicarbonate), although these reactive substances can deal with leaked concentrated sulfuric acid, but there will be a large amount of smoke and a rise in temperature, The highest temperature can reach above 150°C, and it is easy to produce pungent odor and cause secondary problems

These reports indicate that factors such as the content of initiator and crosslinking agent and reaction conditions seriously affect the water absorption performance of the water-absorbing agent, and the above-mentioned reports are only in the research stage; ) and its modified materials. The larger the molecular weight, the better its performance in a certain aspect (such as water absorption). Since it is not mentioned in the above reports, their practical application is limited.

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