Aluminum-based material with integrated radiation and neutron shielding effect

Abstract

The invention belongs to an aluminum-based shielding material with comprehensive shielding effects of X, gamma rays and neutrons, in particular a shielding material with high strength, light weight and multiple shielding effects. The composition of the shielding material is: the matrix is ​​aluminum-based alloy AlMgPb (15%-30% Mg, 15%-35% Pb, the balance is aluminum, mass percentage), and boron or boride is a neutron absorber. The component distribution ratio of the shielding material is as follows: the mass percentage of aluminum-based alloy is between 90% and 99.7%, and the mass percentage of boron or boride is between 0.3% and 10%. Compared with traditional aluminum-based materials, Pb / B4C and lead-boron-polyethylene composite materials, the aluminum-based shielding material containing boron or borides of the present invention not only has excellent comprehensive shielding effects for X, γ-rays and neutrons, but also has The tensile strength and Brinell hardness are much higher than the existing Pb-B polyethylene and Pb-B4C composite shielding materials.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to an aluminum-based shielding material with comprehensive shielding effects of X, gamma rays and neutrons and a preparation method thereof, in particular to a shielding material with light weight and multiple shielding effects and a preparation method thereof. Background technique [0002] As the global warming effect is becoming more and more serious, the application of nuclear energy as a clean and clean energy source is getting more and more attention. Because nuclear reactors will release a large amount of radiation and neutron radiation harmful to the human body, shielding materials should be used to shield nuclear reactors. Therefore, the development of comprehensive shielding materials with multiple radiation and neutrons has always been an important issue in the field of nuclear safety. [0003] The existing X, γ-ray and neutron comprehensive shielding materials mainly include lead-boron polyethylene, B 4 C / Pb composite ...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

In the lead-boron polyethylene composite material, since polyethylene is a polymer material, the softening temperature is 130°C, resulting in poor mechanical strength and heat resistance of the lead-boron polyethylene composite material, its tensile strength is about 10MPa, and the Brinell hardness is only 3 to 4, seriously restricting its application; B 4 C / Pb composite material is the combination of Pb-X (X=Sb, Sn, Ag, Au, Cr, etc.) alloy and B 4 The C reinforcement is compounded by powder metallurgy or melting and casting molding. It can be used as a material to absorb neutrons and block X and γ rays, but its strength and plasticity are low. Its tensile strength is 48.2MPa and Brinell hardness is 22.13, resulting in It cannot be used alone as a structural material, and it is difficult to prepare large-scale composite materials; B 4 C / Al composites due to B 4 C ceramics are the carrier, such composite materials have poor plasticity, and there are B 4 The uniformity of C and its interface with the aluminum matrix have problems, and due to the lack of Pb, the shielding effect on rays is also defective; the shielding performance of boron-containing stainless steel on gamma rays and neutrons is superior to that of iron, but due to the partial boron content Low, the neutron absorption effect is not ideal, and the thickness of boron-containing stainless steel has to be increased, resulting in an increase in the total weight of the shielding system, and increasing the boron content has an adverse effect on the ductility and impact resistance of boron-containing stainless steel alloys, which limits the use of boron-containing stainless steel Used as structural materials for spent fuel storage and transportation equipment. In addition, elements such as chromium, nickel, and manganese in stainless steel are activated by neutron irradiation, and personnel must be restricted from accessing them after the reactor is shut down.

Images