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Active carbon-based material and preparation method thereof

A technology of carbon-based materials and base materials, applied in the field of activated carbon-based materials and their preparation, can solve the problems of low energy density and power density of supercapacitors, limited space for increasing specific surface area, and decreased volume specific capacity, etc., to achieve good heat conduction Effects with electrical conductivity, high energy density and power density, and low density

Inactive Publication Date: 2010-08-11
XIANGTAN UNIV
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

However, the existing supercapacitor carbon materials mainly rely on increasing the specific surface area of ​​the carbon material itself and controlling the pore structure to increase the capacitance of its electric double layer, so carbon aerogels and high specific surface areas with various pore structures have been developed. Porous carbon and various forms of carbon nanomaterials; however, greatly increasing the specific surface area and porosity of carbon materials will lead to a decrease in the contact performance between particles, poor electrical conductivity, and a decrease in volume specific capacity. appear; and the specific surface area formed by it is large but the effective specific surface area is small, resulting in a very low level of energy density and power density of supercapacitors, which limits its application
Moreover, the space for improving its specific surface area is very limited.

Method used

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  • Active carbon-based material and preparation method thereof
  • Active carbon-based material and preparation method thereof
  • Active carbon-based material and preparation method thereof

Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0021] (1) Dissolve 1.86mL aniline (AN) in 25mLH 2 SO 4 Dissolve 1.14g of ammonium persulfate (APS) in 50mL of distilled water or deionized water to form solution A ([APS] / [AN]=1∶4); (2) Transfer solution A into the reaction flask Inside, add B to the reaction flask dropwise with stirring, after dropping, react at room temperature for 4 hours; (3) Collect the product in the reaction flask, and wash the product with water, ethanol or acetone several times until the washing liquid is neutral; (4) The washed product was vacuum dried at 60°C for 48 hours to obtain sulfuric acid-doped polyaniline; (5) in an inert gas N 2 Under protection, carbonize polyaniline at 800℃ for 2h; (6) Activate the carbonized material prepared above in water vapor at 200℃ for 2h, and cool to room temperature to obtain activated carbon-based doped with N, O, and S atoms. material. After elemental analysis and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) test, the components and mass ratio content of the doped ac...

Embodiment 2

[0024] (1) Dissolve 1.86mL aniline in 25mLH 2 SO 4 Dissolve 2.28g of ammonium persulfate in 50mL of distilled water or deionized water to form solution A ([APS] / [AN]=1∶2); (2) Put solution A and solution B in the reaction flask After mixing and stirring rapidly for 1 min, let it stand for 10 hours at room temperature; (3) Collect the product in the reaction flask, and wash the product with water, ethanol or acetone several times until the washing liquid is neutral; (4) The product after washing Vacuum drying at 60°C for 48h to obtain doped polyaniline; (5) in inert gas N 2 Under protection, carbonize polyaniline at 800℃ for 2h; (6) Put the carbonized material prepared above at 10℃~40℃ 1mol·L -1 Soaking in nitric acid solution for 24 hours for activation treatment, and then washing, drying and ball milling to obtain activated carbon material. The code of the unactivated sample prepared in this example was C800, and the code of the activated sample was CA800.

[0025] The electrode...

Embodiment 3

[0027] (1) Mix 20mmol of aniline and 20mmol of HAc with ultrasound for about 2min to obtain A; (2) Dissolve 25mmol APS in 20mmol of HAc, ultrasonically dissolve and mix thoroughly for about 2min to obtain B. (3) Mix A and B ultrasonically at room temperature for about 2 minutes, and then stand at room temperature to react for 8 hours. (3) Collect the reaction product and wash the product with water until the washing solution is neutral; (4) Dry the washed product in vacuum at 60°C for 24 hours to obtain doped polyaniline; (5) In an inert gas N 2 Carbonize polyaniline at 800°C for 4h under protection; (6) After mixing the carbonized material prepared above and sodium hydroxide uniformly, activate it at 700°C under nitrogen protection for 2h (the mass ratio of carbon to NaOH is 2:1), After washing, drying and ball milling, activated carbon-based materials are obtained.

[0028] The electrode fabrication, supercapacitor assembly, and testing equipment in this embodiment are the same...

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Abstract

The invention provides an active carbon-based material and a preparation method thereof. The carbon-based material comprises the following components based on parts by weight percent: 50-90% of carbon, 0.1-35% of oxygen, 0.1-35% of nitrogen, 0.0%-10% of sulphur, 0.0%-15% of phosphorus and 0.0-15% of boron. The preparation method comprises the following step of carbonizing doped or undoped polyaniline polymer at 500-1200 DEG C for 1-24h under the protection of inert gas. Heteroatom N, O, S, P, B, H and group thereof are induced to the carbon atom to change the chemical environment of the carbon atom and increase the space charge density of the carbon atom and the polarity of the material, so that the material has surface standard faraday capacitance and double electric layer capacitance, and has higher specific capacity, good electrical conductivity, and higher energy density and power density under the condition that the specific surface area is not increased. The preparation method of the active carbon-based material has the advantages of simple technology, easily-obtained raw materials, low cost, small pollution and being capable of being produced on a large scale.

Description

Technical field [0001] The invention relates to an activated carbon-based material and a preparation method thereof, in particular to an activated carbon-based material used in a super capacitor and a negative electrode of a lithium ion battery and a preparation method thereof. Background technique [0002] Supercapacitor, also known as Electrochemical Supercapacitor, is a new energy storage device between batteries and traditional electrostatic capacitors. The electrode material is the core component of a supercapacitor, and its structure and performance directly determine the performance of a supercapacitor. There are three main types of electrode materials: carbon-based materials, conductive polymer materials and metal oxide materials. Carbon materials have the advantages of porosity, large specific area, good chemical stability, low cost and long service life. As the electrode materials of electric double layer supercapacitors, they can obtain better electrochemical performa...

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): H01G9/058H01M4/38H01G11/34
CPCY02E60/10
Inventor 刘恩辉李利民李剑向晓霞黄铮铮杨艳静沈海杰
Owner XIANGTAN UNIV
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