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Detergent formulations containing alkaline peroxide salts and organic acids

a technology of alkaline peroxide salts and formulations, applied in the field of cleaning compositions, can solve the problems of inability to clean colored or figured fabrics, agents with peculiar smells, and limited cleaning of compatible fabrics, and achieve the effect of increasing storage stability

Inactive Publication Date: 2005-03-24
CHURCH & DWIGHT CO INC
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Benefits of technology

The present invention provides particulate detergent compositions that combine peroxygen bleaches having a surfactant coating and peroxygen bleach activators as well as methods of easily and inexpensively formulating these detergent compositions to have long term storage stability and methods of using these detergent compositions to treat fabric stains. The compositions contain an alkaline peroxide salt coated with a surfactant and a peracid precursor consisting of carboxylic acids and salts thereof. Preferably, the alkaline peroxide salt is sodium percarbonate or sodium perborate present in an amount of about 20% to about 80% of the composition by weight. Preferably, the peracid precursors are dicarboxylic or tricarboxylic acids such as oxalic acid, malonic acid, succinic acid, glutaric acid, adipic acid, pimelic acid, tannic acid, tartaric acid or citric acid or combinations thereof present in an amount from about 0.1% to about 10% of the composition by weight. The preferred surfactant is at least one non-ionic surfactant, particularly an 11 to 16 carbon alcohol ethoxylate or mixtures of these alcohol ethoxylates.
The processes of formulating the solid detergent compositions of the present invention provide inexpensive methods of combining and coating the detergent components to form compositions having increased storage stability. These methods include combining a surfactant with a solvent to form a solution and coating an alkaline peroxide salt with the solution to form a coated alkaline peroxide salt. A peracid precursor is then added to the coated alkaline peroxide salt. Preferably, the composition contains a surfactant substrate which is first coated with the solution and then mixed with an alkaline peroxide salt such that the alkaline peroxide salt absorbs the solution from the surface of the surfactant substrate.

Problems solved by technology

Chlorine-containing fabric bleaching agents have superior cleaning properties but are limited to the cleaning of compatible fabrics and cannot be used to clean colored or figured fabrics.
Additionally, these agents have a peculiar smell that may be imparted to certain fabrics when used in high concentrations.
However, the stability testing conducted with this product showed the active bleaching ingredient perborate fell below 90% efficacy after storage for 21 to 28 days and dropped below 40% efficacy after six weeks.
Thus, this formulation method is technically complex and expensive and the resulting product still shows insufficient stability for storage, shipping and customer use.
However, these acylated esters of citric acid are strongly hydrophobic which limits the formulation options and negatively impacts dissolution rates of the coated product into water.
The coating that effects the delayed release of the acidification agent is a dual coating of an inner wax and an outer silica produced in a functional multi-layered coating process that makes the coating and formulation of these dry detergents complex and expensive.

Method used

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  • Detergent formulations containing alkaline peroxide salts and organic acids
  • Detergent formulations containing alkaline peroxide salts and organic acids
  • Detergent formulations containing alkaline peroxide salts and organic acids

Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

example 1

This example demonstrates the improved efficacy of the detergent composition described in Table 1 (hereinafter denoted as the “Improved Formulation”) in the removal of various types of stains from cotton, poly / cotton and cotton knit fabrics during a one-, three- or five-hour pre-soak.

Six-inch square swatches of prewashed, cut cotton cloth, polyester / cotton cloth, and cotton knit cloth were obtained from Testfabrics, Inc. (West Pittston, Pa.) Five different stains were tested: spaghetti, mustard, salad dressing, dirty motor oil, and blood. For each time point, duplicate swatches were used.

Stains were applied in the following manner. For spaghetti, 0.25 mL of RAGU™ Original was applied to each fabric swatch. For mustard, KROGER™ Traditional Yellow was applied to each fabric swatch by placing a small quantity of the mustard to the back of a rubber pipette bulb, then rubbing the mustard onto the fabric swatch. To approximate salad dressing stains, 0.25 mL KRAFT FREE™ Catalina dress...

example 2

This example compares the stain removal efficacy of two detergent formulations of the present invention containing different peracid precursors, with a formulation that does not contain peracid precursors that is described in Table 4 (hereinafter the “Comparison Formulation”).

TABLE 4Components of the Comparison FormulationComponentWt. %CAS #NameSurfactant38.17  497-19-8Sodium carbonatesubstrateNon-ionic2.95 68551-12-2GENOPOL LA060 ™; linearsurfactantC12-C16 alcohol ethoxylate (6moles EO); Clariant CorporationNon-ionic0.65127036-24-2GENOPOL UD-030 ™; C-11surfactantalcohol ethoxylate (3 moles EO);Clariant CorporationWater0.40 34590-94-8DPM; Dipropylene glycol methylsolubleether (1-(2-methoxyisopropoxy)-solvent2-propanol); LyonellAlkaline56.58 15630-89-4Sodium percarbonate; Solvay-peroxide saltInteroxDispersive0.25 68479-09-4acrylic acid copolymer ˜4500agentmole wt., sodium neutralized;Rohm and HaasMetals1.00 6834-92-0Blue Meta; Sodium Metasilicate,protectant / anhydrous 100.00; PQdis...

example 3

This example compares the stain removal performance of the Improved Formulation, the Comparison Formulation and several commercially available laundry pretreatments.

Six inch square swatches of prewashed, cut cotton cloth and polyester / cotton cloth were obtained from Testfabrics, Inc. Nine different stains were tested: coffee, grape, spaghetti, blood, dressing, grass, makeup, mustard, and pie filling. Each stain was applied to duplicate swatches of each fabric for each pretreatment type. To apply the stains, the following staining procedures were used. Starting materials for each stain were those generally used in the laundry additive arts. The starting materials for grass and pie filling were homogenized. All stains were applied in an amount sufficient to create a saturated, 1-inch circle of stain on each fabric. Stained fabric swatches were allowed to age overnight, after which the fabric swatches were treated with the indicated treatments. Treatment conditions were as follows. ...

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Abstract

The invention provides particulate detergent compositions containing alkaline peroxide salts and organic peracid precursors, methods of treating stains with these compositions and methods of making the compositions. The compositions have long term storage stability imparted by a coating to the alkaline peroxide salt. The methods of formulating the compositions to include this coating are relatively easy and inexpensive.

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION The invention resides in the field of cleaning compositions having a combination of alkaline peroxide salts and peracid precursor activators in a formulation having long term storage stability. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Chlorine-containing fabric bleaching agents have superior cleaning properties but are limited to the cleaning of compatible fabrics and cannot be used to clean colored or figured fabrics. Additionally, these agents have a peculiar smell that may be imparted to certain fabrics when used in high concentrations. For these reasons, there has been great interest in the development of oxygen-containing bleaching agents that do not suffer from these limitations. Among the oxygen-containing bleaching agents, sodium percarbonate and sodium perborate are particularly useful by virtue of their bleaching capacity and stability. Peroxygen bleaches are safe to fabric colors and are relatively nonyellowing to white fabric. They are nondestructive to the ...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(United States)
IPC IPC(8): C11D3/20C11D3/39C11D17/00D06L1/00
CPCC11D3/2075C11D3/3907C11D17/0039C11D3/3942C11D3/391
Inventor MANSKE, SCOTT D.HOLZHAUER, FREDERICK W.BAKER, LAURA WINDSOR
Owner CHURCH & DWIGHT CO INC
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