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Lanthanum actinide group separation system and method based on oxidation, screening and extraction coupling

A separation method and component separation technology, which is applied in the field of nuclear fuel cycle and waste liquid treatment, can solve the problems of secondary waste generation, increased environmental protection pressure, difficult continuous operation, etc., and achieve the effect of avoiding contact reduction

Active Publication Date: 2022-03-01
TSINGHUA UNIV
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  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

The whole process consumes a lot of organic reagents and generates secondary waste, which not only increases the cost of treatment, but also increases the pressure of environmental protection
Compared with the former, although the solid-phase adsorption method can reduce environmental pollution to a certain extent, it has limitations such as insufficient adsorption capacity and difficulty in continuous operation. These factors have become constraints for the further industrial application of this method.
In addition, the current separation of lanthanum-actinides mainly focuses on single elements, and there are few studies on the separation of lanthanum / actinide groups.
At the same time, the existing group separation research results generally face the problems of incomplete removal of actinides and low separation factor.

Method used

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  • Lanthanum actinide group separation system and method based on oxidation, screening and extraction coupling
  • Lanthanum actinide group separation system and method based on oxidation, screening and extraction coupling
  • Lanthanum actinide group separation system and method based on oxidation, screening and extraction coupling

Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0038] N,N,N',N'-tetraoctyl-3-oxoglutaramide (TODGA) / n-dodecane separated actinides (uranium (U), neptunium (Np), plutonium (Pu), americium (Am )) and lanthanides (cerium (Ce), neodymium (Nd), promethium (Pm), europium (Eu), gadolinium (Gd)). Feed liquid is 10mL containing 1×10 -7 mol / L Np, Pu, Am, 1×10 -3 mol / L U, Ce, Nd, Eu, Gd, 1×10 -2 3mol / L HNO of mol / L sodium bismuthate 3 solution. The separation membrane is a pretreated commercial sub-nanofiltration membrane (graphene oxide membrane). The water phase in the permeation zone is 5mL 3mol / L HNO 3 Solution, the organic phase is 5mL 0.1mol / L TODGA / n-dodecane solution. The ratio of the metal ion concentration in the permeation zone (organic phase + water phase) to the liquid zone is defined as the distribution ratio (distribution ratio, D), and the ratio of each ion distribution ratio is the separation factor (separation factor, SF). After 12 hours of stirring, the distribution ratio and separation factor of each ion ar...

Embodiment 2

[0045] Trialkylphosphine (TRPO) / toluene separation of actinides (uranium (U), neptunium (Np), plutonium (Pu), americium (Am)) and lanthanides (lanthanum (La), samarium (Sm), dysprosium ( Dy), thulium (Tm), lutetium (Lu)). Feed liquid is 12mL containing 1×10 -7 mol / L Np, Pu, Am, 1×10 - 3 mol / L U, La, Sm, Dy, Tm, Lu, 1×10 -3 1mol / L HNO in mol / L potassium permanganate 3 solution. The separation membrane is a pretreated commercial reverse osmosis membrane. The water phase in the permeation zone is 2mL 1mol / L HNO 3 Solution, the organic phase is 10mL 1mol / L TRPO / toluene solution. After stirring for 18 hours, the distribution ratio and separation factor of each ion are shown in Table 3 and Table 4. Obviously, the separation factors of the selected lanthanides to actinides are all higher than 100, thus realizing comprehensive, efficient and stable separation of lanthanides and actinides.

[0046] Table 3. Distribution ratio of each ion extracted by TRPO

[0047]

[0048]...

Embodiment 3

[0051]Di-(2-ethylhexyl) phosphoric acid (HDEHP) / n-octanol separation of actinides (uranium (U), neptunium (Np), plutonium (Pu), americium (Am)) and lanthanides (praseodymium (Pr), Terbium (Tb), Holmium (Ho), Erbium (Er), Ytterbium (Yb)). Feed liquid is 12mL containing 1×10 -7 mol / L Np, Pu, Am, 1×10 -3 mol / L U, Pr, Tb, Ho, Er, Yb, 0.1mol / L potassium dichromate in 0.001mol / L HNO 3 solution. The separation membrane is a pretreated commercial nanofiltration membrane. The water phase in the permeation zone is 10mL 0.01mol / L HNO 3 Solution, the organic phase is 2mL 0.01mol / L HDEHP / n-octanol solution. After stirring for 24 hours, the distribution ratio and separation factor of each ion are shown in Table 5 and Table 6. Obviously, the separation factors of the selected lanthanides to actinides are all higher than 100, thus realizing comprehensive, efficient and stable separation of lanthanides and actinides.

[0052] Table 5. Distribution ratio of each ion extracted by HDEHP

...

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Abstract

The invention discloses a lanthanum actinide group separation system and a lanthanum actinide group separation method based on oxidation, screening and extraction coupling. The system comprises a feed liquid area, a permeation area and a separation membrane for separating the feed liquid area from the permeation area, the actinide ions are oxidized into actinide ions by adopting an oxidizing agent in the feed liquid area, the oxidizing agent and the actinide ions in the feed liquid area are intercepted in the feed liquid area by a separation membrane, and the lanthanide ions in the feed liquid area continuously penetrate through the separation membrane to be diffused into a water phase in the permeation area and are extracted into an organic phase by an extracting agent; meanwhile, the organic phase in the permeation area cannot diffuse to the feed liquid area. According to the invention, the three different modules of oxidation, screening and extraction are effectively combined, and the separation of lanthanum and actinide elements is efficiently and stably realized in a manner of coupling and linking the three modules of oxidation, screening and extraction.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of nuclear fuel cycle and waste liquid treatment, in particular to a lanthanide-actinide separation system and method based on the coupling of oxidation, screening and extraction phases. Background technique [0002] A large amount of spent fuel will be generated during the utilization of nuclear energy, and its effective disposal is one of the key factors to ensure the sustainable development of nuclear energy. At present, the GANEX (Group ActiNides EXtraction) process is used as a reprocessing solution for the fourth generation nuclear power system, and its goal is to realize the one-time group separation of actinides and lanthanides. [0003] Currently existing and relatively mature separation techniques used in related fields include solvent extraction and solid-phase adsorption. For the former, dozens or even hundreds of stages of countercurrent extraction are often required to achieve higher purity re...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): C22B7/00C22B59/00C22B60/00C22B3/40
CPCC22B7/006C22B59/00C22B60/00Y02P10/20
Inventor 王志鹏徐超陆跃翔陈靖
Owner TSINGHUA UNIV
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