Heat pump integrated fuel cell automobile heat management system with waste heat utilization function

Abstract

The invention discloses a heat pump integrated fuel cell automobile heat management system with a waste heat utilization function. The heat pump integrated fuel cell automobile heat management systemcomprises a heat pump circulation loop, a motor circulation loop, a fuel cell circulation loop and a battery pack circulation loop. The heat pump circulation loop is connected with other circulation loops through a plurality of plate heat exchangers to form the integrated heat management system, is connected with the fuel cell circulation loop through a first plate heat exchanger, is connected with the motor circulation loop through a second plate heat exchanger and is connected with the battery pack circulation loop through a third plate heat exchanger. Through the heat pump integrated heat management system, the heat pump cycle can utilize the environment or other heat sources to assist in heating the fuel cell to realize low-temperature cold start; a multi-heat-source heat pump air conditioner is composed of a fuel cell and motor circulating waste heat, the defect that the energy efficiency value of a heat pump is low at low temperature is overcome, and frosting of an external heatexchanger can be avoided.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the field of fuel cell vehicles, and relates to a fuel cell vehicle integrated thermal management system, in particular to a heat pump integrated fuel cell vehicle thermal management system with waste heat utilization. Background technique [0002] The proton exchange membrane fuel cell directly undergoes a chemical reaction inside the battery, thereby converting chemical energy into electrical energy. The product is only water and heat. It has the advantages of high energy conversion rate, high power density, and zero emissions. It is widely used in automobiles, power generation systems and Power system and other aspects have broad application prospects. In actual operation, the suitable operating temperature of many low-temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cells is 60°C to 80°C. Most of the heat of the fuel cell comes from the catalyst layer on the cathode side, and about 5% of the waste heat can be dissipated through th...

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Problems solved by technology

[0003] The fuel cell start-up problem is one of the bottlenecks in the development of the industry. When the start-up temperature of the fuel cell is below 0°C, the water generated by the fuel cell reaction may form ice, covering the reaction gas flow channel, the catalytic layer and the membrane electrode, thus hindering the development of the fuel cell. The progress of the electrochemical reaction

At the same time, due to the volume expansion of the membrane electrode icing, the electrode structure is damaged and the performance of the fuel cell is reduced; the low-temperature cold start of the fuel cell is mostly heated by external liquid, which consumes a large amount of electric energy of the battery pack and has low thermal efficiency.

[0004] For the low-temperature heating of the fuel cell passenger compartment, most of them can only use the PTC heating system because there is no heat supply from the high-temperature engine coolant of traditional fuel vehicles, which has high reliability, but its heating coefficient is low and energy consumption is large; Realize the integration of heating and cooling, its heating coefficient COP is greater than 1, which is about twice the heating coefficient of the PTC system, and the energy consumption is small; but the ordinary heat pump air conditioner uses a single environmental heat source heat pump, and the heating efficiency is reduced in low temperature and severe cold , the external heat exchanger is prone to frost, which cannot meet the requirements of efficient and reliable operation, and still needs PTC assistance, which increases the energy consumption of the whole vehicle; in addition, the waste heat of the motor and the waste heat of the fuel cell are not effectively utilized at low temperatures, and the energy utilization rate is reduced

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