High-valent metal fluorination catalyst and preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses 'a high-valent metal fluorination catalyst and a preparation method and application thereof', and belongs to the field of chemical synthesis. The high-valent metal fluorinationcatalyst is composed of high-valent metal ions and auxiliary agents, wherein the mass percentages of high-valent metal ions and auxiliary agents are 70%-100% and 0-30% in sequence. A 'fluorine storage material' is introduced in an oxidation stage to convert low-valent metal ions into high-valent metal ions. The high-valent metal fluorination catalyst has high use temperature, high catalytic activity and long service life, and is mainly used for preparing a fluorine-containing alkane through a fluorine-chlorine exchange reaction of gas-phase catalytic halogenated alkane and hydrogen fluoride under high temperature or preparing a fluorine-containing olefin through a fluorine-chlorine exchange reaction of gas-phase catalytic halogenated olefin and hydrogen fluoride under high temperature.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a high-valent metal fluorination catalyst, in particular to gas-phase catalyzing the fluorine-chlorine exchange reaction of halogenated alkanes at high temperature to prepare fluorine-containing alkanes, or gas-phase catalyzing the fluorine-chlorine exchange reaction of halogenated alkenes at high temperature to prepare fluorine-containing olefins. Background technique [0002] In order to fulfill the Montreal Protocol aimed at protecting the Earth's ozone layer, countries around the world have launched hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) and hydrofluoroolefins (HFOs) with zero ODP values, thereby phasing out chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) and hydrofluorocarbons (CFCs) with non-zero ODP values Chlorocarbons (HCFCs). At present, HFCs and HFOs have been widely used as refrigerants, cleaning agents, foaming agents, fire extinguishing agents, etching agents, etc. [0003] At present, the industrial production of HFCs or HFOs mostly adopts the m...

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Problems solved by technology

[0012] There are following defects in the above-mentioned prior art: (1) in the process of adopting chlorine, oxygen or ammonium nitrate to carry out oxidation treatment to prepare high-valent chromium-based catalyst, it is easy to produce a large amount of highly toxic gas chromium hexafluoride with high carcinogenicity, which will bring serious environmental pollution and damage to human health; (2) use fluorine gas for fluorination treatment to obtain high-valent metal fluorides, such as high-valent chromium-based catalysts, high-valent molybdenum-based catalysts, high-valent tungsten-based catalysts, etc., fluorine gas is highly dangerous and highly toxic Gas, there are huge safety hazards in its transportation, storage, and use, so it is strictly controlled and difficult to circulate in the market

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