Metal lithium support and preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The present invention provides a metal lithium support and a preparation method and application thereof, the support material of the metal lithium support is at least one of metal copper or an alloy thereof, and metallic nickel or an alloy thereof; and the surface of the support has a pro-lithium layer. A support body is placed in the electrochemical cell as a working electrode and an electropolishing liquid is injected into the electrochemical cell, an anode potential or an anode current is applied to the working electrode to change the anode potential or the anode current and time, regulatethe copper anode dissolution kinetics and allow the support body on the working electrode to obtain a relatively flat surface; and an electrolyte containing a crystal face capping agent is injected into the electrochemical cell, a cathodic potential or a cathode current is applied to the working electrode to causes metal deposition reaction, change a cathode potential or a cathode current and timeand adjust the copper deposition process to obtain a metal lithium support. The metal lithium support can be directly used as a lithium-free negative electrode for application in a lithium ion battery, or for application in the preparation of the lithium thin film negative electrode in a secondary battery in an electrodeposition or melting lithium lead mode.

Description

Technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the field of electrochemical technology, and specifically relates to a metal lithium support and a preparation method and application thereof. Background technique [0002] Metallic lithium has the advantages of high theoretical specific capacity and low electrode potential, and is an ideal anode material for lithium battery systems with high energy density. However, metal lithium is prone to produce dendrites during charging and discharging, which can cause battery short circuit and cause safety problems. At the same time, the volume change during repeated charging and discharging can cause the solid electrolyte interface membrane (SEI) on it to rupture and expose Fresh lithium surface, the latter reacts with the electrolyte to be consumed, reducing the utilization rate of metal lithium and the coulombic efficiency of the battery. These problems seriously hinder the practical progress of metal lithium anode. [0003] In the past few...

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Problems solved by technology

[0004] However, the current research on current collectors mostly relies on expensive lithium-friendly transition layers (such as gold, silver, etc.) to improve surface affinity at the micro level, while ignoring the crystal plane orientation of the current collector and its microstructure’s affinity for metal lithium. and the effects of nucleation and growth processes

Macroscopically, most of them pay attention to the improvement of specific surface area, but ignore the utilization of electrochemically active space, so that the current collector cannot take advantage of the high specific surface area; therefore, it is urgent to develop methods to improve the lithium affinity of the current collector surface itself and ensure high The surface and high electrochemical active space are fully utilized, thereby improving the deposition-dissolution behavior of metal lithium on the current collector, laying the foundation for the preparation of lithium thin film negative electrodes and lithium-free negative electrodes on the current collector, and greatly improving its electrochemical performance

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