Method for preparing ternary lithium battery cathode material precursor by utilizing spent lithium-ion batteries

Abstract

The invention provides a method for preparing a ternary lithium battery material precursor by utilizing spent lithium-ion batteries. Main ingredients comprise cathode material waste powder and metal sulfides, ternary lithium battery cathode scraps and nickel sulfide intermediate goods are taken as raw materials, nickel sulfide intermediate goods waste is added into lithium-ion battery cathode material scraps, a right amount of sulfuric acid is added and reaction and leaching are performed under high pressure condition, after pressure relief, a small amount of hydrogen peroxide is added to be taken as a reducing agent for continuously leaching valuable elements such as nickel, cobalt and manganese, impurity removal and matching are performed on leachate, and then metal ion mixed solution after the matching, ammonia water and sodium hydroxide are taken as raw materials for preparing a lithium-ion battery cathode material precursor. The method provided by the invention has high waste leaching rate, short flow, simple process and low cost, not only can treat lithium battery cathode material scraps in a large scale but also can treat abandoned nickel sulfide intermediate goods, so thatrecycling of the lithium-ion battery cathode material scraps and the abandoned nickel sulfide intermediate goods is promoted.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a method for preparing a ternary lithium battery material precursor, in particular to a method for preparing a ternary lithium battery positive electrode material precursor by utilizing waste lithium ion batteries. Background technique [0002] Lithium-ion batteries are widely used in various electronic equipment, electric vehicles, military, etc. because of their advantages such as high energy density, good cycle performance, easy portability, and high charge and discharge efficiency. Especially with the development of electric vehicles, power lithium-ion batteries The battery has ushered in unprecedented development. However, the problem of recycling waste lithium-ion battery materials has also followed. Especially in 2018, as the first-generation lithium battery scrap peak in my country, the market value of its recycling and reuse is even more immeasurable. [0003] Because the positive electrode waste of lithium-ion batter...

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Problems solved by technology

[0004] CN107475538A discloses a method for leaching valuable metals in waste lithium cobaltate by using citric acid and sodium thiosulfate. Citric acid is more expensive than common inorganic acids, and cobalt precipitation with ammonium oxalate is likely to cause pollution

[0005] CN106848474A discloses a method for reclaiming positive electrode material precursors and lithium carbonate from lithium ion battery positive electrode material waste, but the acid used in this method has volatility, easily causes acid loss, and is more corrosive to equipment

[0007] CN106450548A discloses a method for preparing a ternary positive electrode material from a waste lithium manganate positive electrode material. The raw material of the invention patent is waste lithium manganate, and the final preparation is a ternary lithium ion battery positive electrode material to prepare a ternary lithium ion battery positive electrode The raw material of the material is too single, and it is not possible to mix a variety of waste cathode materials

[0008] CN104659438B discloses a method for preparing a precursor of a ternary positive electrode material by using waste batteries. This invention patent requires steps such as dismantling and roasting waste batteries, and the process is relatively complicated, which increases production costs.

[0009] The disadvantages of the above-mentioned prior art are as follows: the leaching process introduces new impurities into the leachate, increasing the cost of impurity removal

Sodium thiosulfate is used as the reducing agent. The leaching process will not only introduce sodium ions, but also generate a large amount of sulfur dioxide, which is harmful to the working environment. At the same time, the precipitant also introduces ammonia pollution.

The use of volatile acids not only causes acid waste, but also volatile acids are corrosive to equipment, which increases the production requirements for equipment corrosion resistance, and the positive electrode material obtained by the chemical co-precipitation method is compared with the positive electrode material obtained by adding lithium source sintering to the precursor The performance is poor; and the secondary precipitated ternary precursor leads to the presence of impurities in the product

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